台灣地區老年人接受健康檢查之因素分析

Analysis of the factors for having annual medical examinations in elderly Taiwanese

洪曉玫(Hsiao-Mei Hung)

指導教授 ： 蔡仲弘

亞洲大學/健康學院/長期照護研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本研究目的在於瞭解台灣地區65歲以上老年人健康檢查的利用情形，以及分析其影響因素。研究資料來自國民健康局之「民國92年台灣地區中老年身心社會生活健康狀況長期追蹤調查究」資料庫，擷取65歲以上，扣除代答個案，共2,051個案依人口學與社會經濟因素、健康因素、健康行為等三個層面進行分析，並以邏輯迴歸分析老年人接受健康檢查的相關因素。研究結果顯示，65歲以上老年人過去三年內接受健康檢查的比率為64.5%。邏輯迴歸分析發現男性、罹患慢性病數愈多、每週規律運動三次以上、經常或按時服用維生素的老年人，接受健康檢查的可能性愈高。此結果也顯示，採行健康有益行為的老年人，較傾向接受健康檢查。影響老年人過去三年內接受健康檢查最主要的原因是「為了瞭解健康情形」佔70%；在過去三年未接受健康檢查的原因主要為「不覺得需要做檢查」佔81.3%。研究分析有三成多的老年人未在三年內接受健康檢查，且多數認為不覺得需要接受健康檢查，建議衛生主管機關針對老年人加強宣導參加年度健檢，或提供更多誘因，以增強老年人採取健康行為的正向觀念與態度。

關鍵字

健康檢查 ； 老年人 ； 健康行為

並列摘要

Background: Routine medical examination is important in preventive health. It can detect emerging health problems and enable timely corrective measures. The Universal Health Insurance Program of Taiwan offers the senior citizens free annual medical examinations.
Objective: The study aimed to gain an understanding of the usage of this free annual medical examination by the senior citizens and to identity the determinants of this action.
Methods: The study statistically analyzed data of the 2003 round of the "Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan". A total of 2051 subjects who were >65 years old were included in the analysis. Simple statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed.
Results: Results showed that 64.5% of elderly had at least one voluntary medical examination during the past three years. Male subjects, persons with greater number of chronic diseases, those who exercised regularly and those who took vitamin supplements were more likely to have medical examinations. The leading reason (81.3%) given by those who did not have any medical examination during the past three years was that they thought they did not need the examination.
Discussion: The rate of having a medical examination during the past three years is relatively high compared to other studies. The exact reasons for having higher rate in the present study is not known but could be due to increased promotional efforts made by public health agencies, busing services provided by area hospitals and grass-root campaign made by local health workers.
Conclusion: The rate of voluntary medical examination is relatively high among senior citizens in Taiwan. However, there is still room for further improvement. Routine health examination is an important part of preventive health which is known to save healthcare cost in the long run.

並列關鍵字

Health examination ； Elderly ； Taiwan

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