以新現實主義剖析中國與東協間的經濟合作關係

在國際貿易上區域經濟整合已成為了一個重要議題，特別是在杜哈回合談判中止過後。其中許多國家對中國與東協所簽署的自由貿易協議、市場規模超過17 億人口及中國願意提前開放市場給東協各國成員均抱持著懷疑觀望的態度。由於東協和中國雙方是屬勞動密集型出口的國家且在全球市場上直接的競爭。因為他們彼此的替代性多過於互補性，因而很難理解貿易創造效果如何在中國－東協自由貿易區做出有效合理的解釋。因此，這項研究的目的將著重在審視雙方的非經濟因素，特別是中國在促進彼此的經濟合作上。歷史中發現，過去影響東南亞區域安全和經濟的主要國家是美國和日本。但經由新現實主義理論的觀點，我們發現中國運用本身的經濟實力與東協正建立起亞洲新勢力的關係。且透過雙方密切的合作使得東協中立化且讓美國與日本在東南亞區域的優勢逐漸遞減。結果使簽署協議的中國與東協均受益於中國－東協自由貿易協議。

關鍵字

區域經濟整合、新現實主義、東協－中國自由貿易區

並列摘要

Regional economic integration has become an important agenda in world trade, particularly after the collapse of Doha Round’s negotiation. While skeptically viewed by many in the early stage, the free trade agreement between ASEAN and China, with a market size of more than 1.7 billion, is gaining momentum after the latter generously opening its door to members of ASEAN. Both ASEAN and China are the exporters of labor-intensive goods and compete directly in the global market. As both of them are more substitute rather than complement, thus it is difficult to understand the benefits of creating such free trade area by using trade theory alone. The purpose of this study is to examine the non-economic factors that prompted both parties, particularly China, so eagerly in promoting economic cooperation. Historically, security and economic influence in Southeast Asia is dominated by the US and Japan. Through the lens of neorealism, we found that China is utilizing its economic power in building relationship with its southern neighboring countries. A closer tie to China allows ASEAN to neutralize the dominance of the US and Japan in this region. Consequently, both parties benefited from this free trade agreement.

並列關鍵字

Regional Economic Integration, Neorealism, ASEAN-China Free Trade Area

參考文獻

華僑經濟年鑑，2003，僑委會、台灣經濟新報資料庫、中華經濟研究院東南亞經貿投資研究資料庫。

吳玲君，2001，中共APEC 策略與角色的轉變：新現實主義的解析，問題與研究，第40 卷，第3 期，頁2-3。

吳玲君，2000，「東協國家APEC 政策的政經因素」，問題與研究，第39 卷第3 期，頁43。

莫大華，2000，國際關係理論大辯論研究的評析，問題與研究，第39卷，第12 期，頁65-89。

Allison, Graham & Philip Zelikow 1999, Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis, 2nd ed., New York: Longman. pp.27-33.

國際替代計量

以新現實主義剖析中國與東協間的經濟合作關係

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