籃球運動參與者專業化程度與健康自評之關係

The Relationship between Basketball Player’s Self-Assessed Health and Specialization

張智惠(CHANG CHIN HUI)

指導教授 ： 羅鳳恩

亞洲大學/管理學院/休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

運動對於健康的積極正面影響已由眾多研究獲得證實，然而每種運動項目所重視的體能及競技能力皆有些許的不同；籃球運動的特色是突然間疾跑或急速停止，甚或高跳，其重要體能指標包含肌力、速度、爆發力以及心肺耐力等，就運動強度來說，屬中等強度以上。有鑑於籃球運動的大眾化，加上球場的便利性，低消費且可自行參與，本研究透過SF-36健康自評量表及受訪者參與籃球運動專業化程度為研究指標，探討參與籃球運動受訪者專業化程度與健康之關係。
本研究以便利抽樣方式對籃球運動參與者實施問卷調查，自2010年3月1日起至2010年3月30日止，總計發放問卷600份，有效問卷443份，有效問卷率為73.8 %。
本研究結果發現：
一、 在本研究整體樣本數中，以「新手」參與者的比例最高，佔36.3%；其次依序為「初階」佔35.3%、「中階」佔22.8%；而以「專業」參與者為最少，佔5.6%。
二、 受訪者性別、年齡與健康情況之關係
（一）籃球運動受訪者心理健康(MH)會因性別不同而有不同。
（二）男性籃球運動受訪者在因身體健康引起的角色限制（RP）、活力狀況（VT）、心理健康（MH）以及整體健康狀況（GH）等會因年齡不同而有不同。
（三）女性籃球運動受訪者身體生理功能（PF）會隨著年齡不同而不同。
三、受訪者籃球運動專業化程度與健康情況之關係
（一）受訪者隨著籃球運動專業化程度升高，身體生理功能（PF）、因身體健康引起的角色限制（RP）、活力狀況（VT）、心理健康(MH)以及整體健康（GH）情況越好。
（三）隨著男性受訪者籃球運動專業化程度升高，男性身體生理功能（PF）、因身體健康引起的角色限制（RP）、活力狀況（VT）、心理健康(MH)以及整體健康（GH）等健康狀況越好。
（四）女性受訪者籃球運動專業化程度增高，在身體生理功能（PF）以及整體健康（GH）等健康狀況越好。
四、「維持良好的體能狀態」、「鍛鍊身體、促進身體健康」與「放鬆心情」為受訪者前三名之籃球運動參與動機。
五、「沒有多餘時間」、「課業或工作繁重」與「本身技能不佳」為受訪者前三名之籃球運動參與阻礙。
根據本研究結果，建議鼓勵民眾參與籃球運動，以提升良好體能，並關心特定族群身心狀況，增進國人健康。

關鍵字

關鍵詞：籃球、專業化、SF-36健康自評量表、動機、阻礙 ； HASH(0xb229118) ； HASH(0xb229190)

並列摘要

There are lots of evidences to prove that exercises can improve people’s health. However, different exercises can maintain different physical health and require different skills. The characteristics of basketball are jumping, and suddenly running or suddenly stopping. The important physical health indexes include muscular strength, velocity and power of upper extremity, cardiovascular fitness, and so on. Basketball is a kind of middle intensity exercise. Because of convenience, cheapness and accessibility, to play basketball becomes popular to people. There were few researches to use Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey as a tool to study basketball. The objectives of this research were to realize the relationships between the specialization of basketball participants and their self-assessed health by SF-36. Seven hundred seventy people were selected in this cross-sectional, descriptive study by using a structured questionnaire. Four hundred and forty-three valid data were used to analyze as the results, the valid corresponding rate was 73.8%. The surveys were conducted during the period of March to April 2010. The results of this study were the followings:
1. Most surveyed basketball players were assessed as the new level of specializations; the percentage was 36.3%; 35.3%, 22.8% and 5.6% of the surveyed ones were graded as the primary level, middle level, and the highest level of specialization, separately.
2. The relationships between genders and ages of basketball players and their self-assessed health:
(1) Different surveyed basketball palyers’ ages had different mental health (MH).
(2) Different surveyed male basketball palyers’ ages had different role limitations due to physical health problems (RP), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), and general health (GH).
(3) Different surveyed female basketball palyers’ ages ages had different physical functioning (PF).
3. The relationships between the specializations of basketball palyers and the self-assessed health:
(1) The higher degree of the surveyed basketball palyers’ specializations, the better conditions of their physical functioning (PF), role limitations due to physical health problems (RP), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), and general health (GH) .
(2) The higher degree of the surveyed male basketball palyers’ specializations, the better conditions of their physical functioning (PF), role limitations due to physical health problems (RP), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), and general health (GH) .
(3) The higher degree of the surveyed female basketball palyers’ specializations, the better conditions of their physical functioning (PF), and general health (GH) .
4.To maintain good health condition, to improve physical health, and to relax emotion, were the top three graded surveyed basketball palyers’ motivations.
5. No time, and heavy works, and bad basketball skills were the top two graded surveyed basketball palyers’ constraints.
According to the results of this study, it is to encourage people to play basketball to improve their health.

並列關鍵字

basketball, specialization, the 36-Item Short-Form(SF-36) Health Survey, motivation, constraint ； AND

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