高成就婦女的身心特徵、壓力知覺與工作－家庭衝突之探討

A Study on the Relationships among Physiological and Psychological Characteristics, Perceived Stress, and Work-Family Conflict of the High Achievement Women

吳美連(Melien Wu)

《中原學報》 26卷2期 (1998/05) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6358/JCYU.199805.0001

摘要

愈來愈多女性主管與專業人士在職場上扮演舉足輕重的角色，這群高成就婦女的身心狀況、其感受之壓力與衝突應被重視。本研究調查臺灣高成就婦女的生理健康、心理特徵、壓力知覺與工作－家庭衝突之狀況，並進一步探討其間的關係，以作為管理及提昇專業婦女及女性主管工作品質之參考。資料分析的結果顯示，受測的191位女性專業人員與企業主管的平均身高為160.20公分，體重為55.41公斤，肥胖度指標為21.58，屬標準身材；不重視運動、咖啡因平均攝取量低及只有少數人有抽煙習慣。這群婦女的人格特徵偏向A型行為及內控傾向，在各項衝突及壓力的衡量得分都不高。迴歸分析的結果顯示工作衝突為預測壓力知覺與工作－家庭衝突的最顯著因子。本研究建議企業提供婦女本身之壓力與衝突管理的教育計劃、實行彈性管理及落實例外管理的工作。

關鍵字

A型行為傾向 ； 控制傾向 ； 壓力知覺 ； 工作衝突 ； 家庭衝突 ； 工作－家庭衝突

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the physiological and psychological characteristics, perceived stress level, and work-family conflict of the high achievement women, and to test the hypothetical relationships among the variables. One hundred and ninety-one high achievement women, which is defined as female professionals and high level managers, were investigated. Results of data analyses showed that the high achievement women have standard Body Mass Index of2l.58, do not exercise much, do not have high level of caffeine consumption, and rarely smoke. Furthermore, they tend to have high internal locus of control and high level of type A behavior. The work conflict is proved to be the most significant predictor of perceived stress and work-family conflict. Recommendations of this research include implementing the metamanagement policies and flexible management of work hours and work contents.

並列關鍵字

Type A Behavior ； Locus of Control ； Perceived Stress Scale ； Work Conflict ； Work-Family Conflict