企業間電子化採購對組織間關係的影響

企業電子化提高了供應鏈上下游之間的互動及整合的程度。廠商間的電子化需要投入相關之專屬性資產及建立資訊分享慣例。本研究由企業間電子化採購活動，探討企業間電子化對組織間關係之影響。所探討之問題包括企業之電子化採購對專屬資產投資，與進一步對組織間權力、依賴、與互惠性關係之影響。本研究亦探討電子化採購對資訊分享慣例，與對資訊結構關係的影響。本文採取個案研究方法，選擇兩家參與台灣資訊產業電子化B計畫之廠商及其供應商為研究對象。研究發現個案廠商之電子化採購必須投資專屬性資產投資，且此投資將影響個案廠商的權力／依賴程度與互惠關係。電子化採購作業亦促進雙方之資訊分享慣例，且此慣例將使資訊結構關係趨於集中化、正式化，並提高整體資訊的品質及資訊的強度。本研究進一步發現互惠關係與資訊結構關係影響組織間權力／依賴關係。研究亦發現電子化能力是組織間合作之基礎，亦會影響整體產業電子化能力之提升。

關鍵字

電子化採購；專屬性資產；資訊分享慣例；資訊結構關係

並列摘要

With the emergence of information technology and e-commerce, firms can improve the interaction and integration between up-stream and down-stream in the supply chain. Collaborating e-businesses enable business to develop close connection with partners by investing relation-specific assets and building knowledge-sharing routines. This research tries to investigate the influence of e-procurement on inter-organizational relationship. In this study, we explore the effect of e-procurement on relation-specific asset and the effect of relation- specific asset on power-dependence and reciprocity. This research also study the relationship between e-procurement and knowledge-sharing routine, and the relationship between knowledge-sharing routine and information structural relation. This research selects two information industry companies participating B plan of Taiwan information technology industry to conduct case study. This paper finds that firms which build B2B e-procurement system must commit relation-specific asset and knowledge-sharing routine, and these assets influence the inter-organizational relation and information structural relation. This study also finds that reciprocity and information structural relation influence power-dependence relation. Furthermore, the firm with e-business abilities is the basis of B2B e-procurement.