To modernize our society, we first need modernized citizens. Confucianism, with its tenacious follower, Mencius, bases its propositions on man himself. The Confucius-Mencius proponents have a clear conviction on identity and self-other difference, offering unambiguous directions for a society targeting at certain definitive objectives. The New Literature Movement begun at the establishment of the Republic of China has had as its pathetic premise the complete negation of tradition. As a result, over the past century, despite the huge effort invested, modernization has not been implemented on practical ground. This essay proposes to examine the progress of modernization from the standpoint of “man”. Using Confucian Analects and the work of Mencius as texts, I document relevant Confucian commentary, in hope to clarify some of the scholarly misunderstandings. It is my wish to provide possibility and assert necessity for linking Confucianism and modern society.