何海鳴短篇「倡門小說」中的娼妓形象

The Image of Prostitute on He Hai-Ming's ＂Prostitutes Novel＂

徐志平(Chih-Ping Hsu)

《國文學誌》 32期 (2016/06) Pp. 1-19

摘要

民初鴛鴦蝴蝶派作家何海鳴善長寫作短篇小說，其短篇「倡門小說」尤受當時文壇及後來學界稱道。所謂「倡門小說」，指的是「以娼家或妓女為描寫對象的小說」，何海鳴所發表的短篇倡門小說多達二十六篇，這些小說所塑造的娼妓與晚清「狹邪小說」中的娼妓形象有不少差異：首先，狹邪小說對於娼妓的可憐身世較少著墨，何海鳴則有意強調以表達同情；其次，狹邪小說中主流的男女關係頗為不堪，妓女普遍形象是見利忘義、不重感情，而在何海鳴短篇倡門小說中，娼妓重情重義的形象十分鮮明；再者，由於民初人本意識逐漸抬頭，小說中經常強調妓女的人格尊嚴和生存權力，而何海鳴短篇倡門小說即具體表現了這樣的內蘊，何海鳴筆下的不少妓女的性格，較諸狹邪小說中的妓女更為剛強果敢，何海鳴在他的小說中，盡力去維護她們的人格尊嚴。就寫作藝術方面來看，何海鳴塑造了不少立體生動的娼妓形象。由於寫人藝術的表現不俗，使得何海鳴能夠更為成功的型塑出當時娼妓種種剛毅多情、令人敬佩又值得同情的立體形象。

關鍵字

鴛鴦蝴蝶派 ； 何海鳴 ； 短篇小說 ； 倡門小說 ； 娼妓形象

並列摘要

He Hai-Ming had issued 26 Prostitutes Novels in early republic of china. The image of prostitute portrayed by He Hai-Ming was different from most Courtesan Novels in late Qing Dynasty. First of all, there were seldom referring to prostitute's family background in Courtesan Novel , but the family background was emphasized on purpose in He Hai- Ming's Prostitutes novel. Secondly, almost all prostitutes were mercenary in Courtesan Novel, but in He Hai-Ming's Prostitutes novel many prostitutes were affectionate. And finally, the prostitute's character in Courtesan Novel was not so firm as in Hai-Ming's Prostitutes novel. On the ground of the good skill to create the characters in novels, so He Hai-Ming could portray the vivid image in his Prostitutes Novels.

並列關鍵字

The Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School ； He Hai-Ming ； Courtesan Novel ； Prostitutes Novel ； The Image of Prostitute

參考文獻

清邗上蒙人(1994)。風月夢。上海:上海古籍出版社。

清花也憐儂(1987)。海上花列傳。臺北:博遠出版社有限公司。

王德威(2005)。被壓抑的現代性—晚清小說新論。北京:北京大學出版社。

何海鳴：《海鳴說集》(上海：民權出版部，1918 年)

何海鳴：《何海鳴說集》(上海：大東書局，1927 年5 月)