國小自然科教室管理之理論與觀察研究

The Theory and Observational Study of Classroom Management in Elementary Science

張靜儀(Ching-Yi Chang)

《花蓮師院學報》 14期 (2002/04) Pp. 211-231

摘要

本研究之目的在於：一、瞭解國小自然科教師教室管理之實際情形。二、探討自然科教室管理策略。為達研究目的，採用之研究方法為：以自然科學生中斷上課觀察量表，觀察三所學校擔任三至六年級的十二位自然科任教師與其教學班級12班，以了解自然科教室管理的實際情況。
研究結果如下：
一、由自然科學生上課中斷行為統計，得知各校間有明顯的不同。校風較開放者其自然科教室管理之困難度較高。
二、由各年級之上課中斷行為統計，得知六年級的上課中斷行為百分比最小，而四年級與五年級之自然科教室管理較為棘手。
三、作好自然科教室管理的策略有：教室物理環境的安排、教具的準備與使用、分組活動的進行、學期初的管理、組織自然科學教室裡的例行公事。

關鍵字

自然科教學 ； 教室管理 ； 中斷上課

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the practices of the classroom management of the elementary science teaching, and explored a scheme of classroom management for elementary science teaching. There were twelve teachers who came from three schools and taught science from 3rd grader to 6th grader. The designed off-task observational from was to record the teachers’ instruction action and students’ interrupted behaviors. The results of the research were: 1.The statistics of the off-task records showed significant difference in schools. The opener of the atmosphere of the school is, the more difficult the science classroom management. 2.Amog the grades compared, the off-task of 6th graders showed smallest percentage, and the 4th and 5th graders were troublesome. 3.There are several prospects in the management of the science classroom which needed to be noticed: the arrangement of the physical environment of the classroom, the preparation and usage of the teaching aids, the proceeding of the group activities, the management at the beginning of the semester and the daily routine of the science classroom.
The result of the research is as followed:
1.From the statistics of the off-task observational scale, it is known that a significant difference can be observed. The opener of the atmosphere of the school is, the more difficult the science classroom management.
2.Among the grades studied, the off-task of the 6th graders showed smallest percentage, and the 4th and 5th graders were troublesome.
3.There are several prospects in the management of the science classroom which needed to be noticed: the arrangement of the physical environment of the classroom, the preparation and usage of the teaching aids, the proceeding of the group activities, the management at the beginning of the semester and the daily routine of the science classroom.

並列關鍵字

teaching of natural sciences ； classroom management ； off-task