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走入歧途者的男性氣概:分析我國少年暴力犯的男性氣概

Maverick Masculinity Man-An Analysis of Juvenile Violent Offenders' Masculinity in Taiwan

摘要


儘管少年犯下暴力犯罪的類型不一,惟加以探究之後,我們可發覺到其行爲模式與動機態度在在充斥著共同的男性氣概之呈現。剛強、不可示弱、優越感、主動、侵略性及強迫異性戀等既是傳統父權社會期許男性此一性別角色所應具備的性別特質,相較於彌漫在少年暴力犯間逞勇鬥狠、血氣方剛、不服輸、鄙視女性甚至極度排斥同性戀等迷思,亦可看出兩者之間極大的相似性。因此,導致少年實施暴力犯罪的上述動機,與性別角色的社會化過程中男性氣質的潛移默化,兩者間的相關性,自不可視爲巧合。 本研究以理解社會學的觀點進行質性研究的方法來探討我國少年暴力犯罪所展現之男性氣概養成過程,對國內一所收容少年刑事案件者之少年矯正學校的26名暴力少年犯進行質性訪談,來深度瞭解研究對象的社會化課程如何影響其男性氣概之形成,同時本研究企圖探討傳統父權社會如何藉由父權秩序的再製,將男性氣質灌輸於少年身上,使少年不自覺地學習、認同乃至內化;之後,爲了表現男性氣概,反而走入歧途,產生更嚴重的暴力犯罪。研究發現,暴力少年往往持有非理性的男性氣概的認同(父權、有錢有勢、展氣勢)與錯誤的行爲呈現(飆車、打架、耍狠)以及對於大哥形象的崇拜及在性別意識上特別突出同性戀的恐懼;研究亦發現,暴力少年迷戀以暴制暴的的男性氣概,不僅在對於首次暴力使用經驗感到興奮,並且歸納出使用暴力作爲衝突的解決方式之動機包括:追求快感、發洩與好面子、自我防衛心態、以暴力建立名聲與手段。本研究課題不僅能提供社會學及犯罪學學術領域一個新的視野,對於政府將來在少年暴力犯罪預防的政策上,亦能提供重要的參考依據。

關鍵字

男性氣概 少年犯 暴力 性別意識

並列摘要


There has occurred a series of concerns around questions relating to juvenile crime involving issues such as a perceived growing problem of persistent violent crime by male youth. These incidents and offenders have become the focus of considerable discussion, analysis and vilification. What explanation of this issue seems to require new concepts as a language which might reflect a new configuration of concerns around crime within a gender relation. That is a language of masculinity. There is a Criminology's 'masculinity turn' that refers to a body of work being concerned to explore the relationships between men and crime via an explicit foregrounding of the concept of masculinities. In any specific time and place hegemonic masculinity is extolled at the symbolic level through practice, and is constructed in relation to 'subordinated' and 'oppositional' types of masculinity. The central argument of various literature is that there is a 'hegemonic masculinity' dominant in society. Hegemonic masculinity is the culturally idealized form of masculinity in a given historical and social setting. This study seeks to uncover the ways in which the sexed bodies of male youth and boys have been encoded as masculine and further embodied in violent crime.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


林晏民(2013)。以男性氣概觀點探討女警對警察文化之影響-以臺南市為例〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201613542570
廖悅婷(2013)。從親子同校邁向畢業的自我敘說研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0801201418035333
吳蘋馨(2016)。具女性特質男性在校園被霸凌、性別歧視與被害原因之探討〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614052134

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