Ampelomyces Quisqualis CES. EX Schilecht., A Hyper-parasite of the Asparagus Bean Powdery Mildew Pathogen Erysiphe Polygoni in Taiwan

臺灣豇豆白粉病菌的一種超寄生菌

蔡竹固(Jwu-Guh Tsay) ； 童伯開(Bor-Kai Tung)

《Transactions of the Mycological Society of Republic of China》 6卷2期 (1991/06) Pp. 55-58

https://doi.org/10.7099/TMSRC.199106.0055

摘要

在臺灣，豇豆白粉病菌上的白粉寄生菌於1990年5月在溪口、嘉義的豇豆葉背上發現。白粉寄生菌以菌絲寄生於寄主菌絲內，分生孢子器（柄子殼）淺褐色，棍棒形、洋梨形或檸檬形， 40-90×30 -60μm。分生孢子淺褐色，單胞，圓筒形或長卵形，大小為5-10×2.5　-3.8μm。馬鈴薯葡萄糖培養基上，本菌菌絲生長緩慢，但可大量產孢。

關鍵字

豇豆白粉病菌、白粉寄生菌

並列摘要

Ampelornyces quisqualis Ces. ex Schlecht. (syn. Cicinnobolus cesatii de Bary) was a well known parasite of powdery mildews widely distributed throughout the world^(:5). The hyphae of A. quisqualis grow through the mycelium of the host fungus and inhibit conidial production and cleistothecial development^(3). A. quisqualis was not host specific and some strains of it were slightly pathogenic to cucumber^(1). These hyperparasitic fungi were classified in genus Cicinnobolus until 1959^(1). Early taxonomy and occurrences of Ampelomyces were reviewed by Emmons^(2). These species of Cicinnobolus have been recognized mainly according to the different species of Erysiphales on which they occur.
Cicinnobolus nicotiana Saw. was reported in Taiwan in 1933 by Sawada on the powdery mildew Erysiphe nicotiana Saw. on Nicotiana longiflora collected from Kanagawa, Japan4. However, no any species of Ampelornyces has been recorded from Taiwan previously. In May of 1990, A. quisqualis, a hyperparasite of the asparagus bean (Vigna sesquipedalis L.) powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe polygoni DC. was collected at Shikoou and Chiayi, Taiwan (Table 1) Mycelium of A. quisqualis was superficial or immersed, hyaline, branched, septate. Conidiomata were pycnidial 40-90µm long X 30 - 60µm wide, in the hyphae of E. polygoni, separate, globose or elongated to pyriform, unilocular, wall 1-celled thick, of pale brown angular textured (Fig. 1). No distinct ostiole was present and dehisced by apical rupture of pycnidium. Conidiophores were absent. Conidia were 5 – 10×2.5 - 3.8µm, very pale brown, aseptate, thin-walled, smooth, guttulate, straight or curved, cyclindrical to fusiform. Cultures of A. quisqualis were isolated from Erysiphe polygoni on asparagus bean. At 25℃ and 12-hr cycle of fluorescent illumination, single-spore culture grew slowly on patato-dextrose agar but sporulated profusely (Fig. 2).

並列關鍵字

Erysiphe polyoni DC ； Ampelomyces quisqualis Cex ； ex Schlecht