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國小學生學習動機、數學焦慮與數學成就之研究

LEARNING MOTIVATION, MATHEMATICS ANXIETY AND MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

摘要


本研究之主要目的在於探討國小學生之性別與家庭社經水準之不同與學習動機及數學焦慮之關聯,並考驗高低程度不同學習動機與數學焦慮學生其數學成就的差異情形,另外考驗各主要變項間的關聯,及對數學成就的預測作用。本研究的受試者係選自中部地區11所國小十二班的五年級兒童。其中男生250人,女生232人,高社經水準學生158人,低社經水準學生324人,合計482人。本研究的評量工具主要有基本資料表與家庭社經水準調查表、瑞文氏非文字智力測驗,以及自編的學習動機量表與數學焦慮量表。本研究主要以2(性別)×2(高低社經水準)二因子變異數分析法考驗二個基本變項在學習動機與數學焦慮上的差異情形。另外本研究再以全體受試者在學習動機與數學焦慮量表上的得分平均數為基準,將受試者區分為高低學習動機組別與高低數學焦慮組別,最後再以2(高低學習動機組別)×2(高低數學焦慮組別)二因子變異數分析法考驗不同組別在數學成就上的差異情形。除此之外,再以積差相關法考驗本研究各個變項間的關係顯著程度,以及以逐步迴歸分析法考驗何者對於數學成就最具顯著預測作用。本研究經統計分析後,計有下列的各項重要發現:(一)不同性別與高低社經水準組別之學生在學習動機量表上的得分並無顯著不同。(二)不同性別與高低社經水準組別之學生在數學焦慮之評量上顯示,不同性別兒童之數學焦慮有顯著差異,但不同社經水準之組別在數學焦慮上得分並無顯著不同,另由得分資料中發現,女生的教學焦慮顯著的高於男生。(三)高低不同學習動機與數學焦慮之兒童在數學成就上均有顯著差異。再由得分資料中發現,高學習動機學生其數學成就顯著高於低學習動機組,高數學焦慮組之數學成就則顯著低於低數學焦慮組。(四)由積差相關考驗結果發現,各變項之間頗多具有顯著相關。(五)經由逐步迴歸分析結果發現,智力、教學焦慮、學習動機與性別依序是數學成就的重要預測因子。

關鍵字

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並列摘要


The main purposes of this study were to explore relationships among background variables, learning motivation and mathematics anxiety, to test the differences of math performance between different groups of learning motivation and mathematics anxiety, and to examine the relationships of major variables of primary school students. Subjects, 482 primary school students belonging to 12 classes, were randomly selected from 11 primary schools, including 250 boys and 232 girls. The instruments used in the study were Background Inventory, Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices Test, Learning Motivation Scale, Mathematics Anxiety Scale. The main findings of the study were presented as fotlows: 1. No significant effects of gender and SES on learning motivation of subjects were found. 2. Girls showed higher mathematics anxiety than boys, while different SES showed no significat differences of mathematics anxiety. 3. Sujects who had higher learning motivation and lower mathematics anxiety got better mathematics achievement. 4. Most of variables considered in the study had significant correlations. 5. IQ, mathematics anxiety, learning motivation and sex were four important predictors to influence the mathematics achievement of primary students.

並列關鍵字

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