從詩義類比論李賀〈馬詩〉之自我隱喻與歷史取譬

Examples of Myth History and Self-image in Metaphor of Li Ho's "Horse Poem"

林淑貞(Shu-Chen Lin)

《興大中文學報》 17期 (2005/06) Pp. 195-229

https://doi.org/10.30091/JCDNCHU.200506.0007

摘要

在歷代詠物詩當中，初唐李嬌堪稱最喜詠物，有詠物詩一百二十首，各有命題，屬一題一詠；詠物詩一題而至二十三首者，厥推李賀〈馬詩〉，如此空前絕後地以馬為題詠對象，可見李賀對馬特有偏好，到底其形塑馬的意象究欲表達何意？歷代解李賀馬詩又多作何解？本文嘗試從李賀馬詩來體會李賀所形塑出來的馬意象與作意之關連性，並進而探求這一組詩究欲傳釋什麼意涵？或是透顯什麼樣的意義？與歷代詠馬詩之關涉如何？
論述理序，先導出歷代論李賀馬詩之意見，各有所見，亦有不見之處，指出解詩、注詩的歧義與多義情形，在此情況下，我們當如何閱讀這一組詩歌？採用什麼視角？再論李賀馬詩敘寫視角與意象採擷的情形如何？指出馬與人之類比為隱喻關係，此一關係如何取義？三論馬意象與隱喻之關涉，隱含「言內意」與「言外意」，而此一寫馬的取義方式是否承續馬的書寫傳統？四論歷代詠馬詩之意義與李賀取擷角度是否相應，或另出新意？五論馬詩實為李賀自我隱喻之圖象與情結，六論李賀運用歷史神話的作意何在？七為結論，梳理前述，總結全文。

關鍵字

李賀 ； 馬詩 ； 詠物詩 ； 隱喻 ； 自我情結

並列摘要

Li Ho wrote one hundred and twenty poems about chanting objects. He had great interest in chanting objects among poets in history. He chanted different object in every poem. Aimed at horse, Li Ho wrote twenty-three poems about horse. It appeared that Li Ho had special preferences about horse. What on earth did he shape the image of horse? What methodology used by scholars in analysis horse? The paper aimed at interpreting the symbols of horse and explored the relationships between symbols and Li He's motivations. What contexts did he mean? What meanings did he implicitly suggest? What's the relationship with former chanting horse poem?

並列關鍵字

Li Ho ； horse Poem ； chanting object poem ； metaphor ； self-complex

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