Preliminary Study on the Change of Landscape and Ecology in Sitou Tract of NTU Experimental Forest

臺大實驗林溪頭營林區森林地景與生態變遷之初步研究

Chiang Wei ； C-L Lee ； H-I Hsieh ； Y-R Huang ； Y-S Tseng ； C-W Shen

《Journal of Ecotechnology》 3卷1期 (2007/06) Pp. 21-43

https://doi.org/10.29769/JE.200706.0005

摘要

近年因天然與人為之干擾臺灣中部之森林地景遭受一定程度之改變，尤其在崩塌地因颱風及地震及人為不當利用更加速了森林地景之變化。自1999年集集大地震及2001年桃芝颱風後，利用遙測與地理資訊系統進行森林地景變遷之研究逐漸增多，然而較少研究針對生態系統與地景變化之交互作用與相關性進行探討。本研究利用遙測衛星影像及地理資訊系統空間圖資所推導之地景指標來建立地景與生態可能之相關性。研究地區選定臺大實驗林管理處之溪頭營林區，其面積為2,349公頃，高程介於800與1800公尺。研究中搜集2004至2006年福衛二號影像及七個地面樣區之生態調查資料，初步研究結果顯示利用遙測資料與地面調查資料來監督與評估森林地景與生態變遷之關係是可行的，在天然與人為干擾後植生之恢復與復育狀況與NDVI值呈現高相關；鳥種組成及多樣性與嵌塊體之多樣性亦呈高相關。Shannon與Simpson之多樣性指標逐漸增高顯示其溪頭營林區之森林地景更加多樣化，Shannon與Simpson之均勻度指標值穩定顯示其地景中之嵌塊體逐漸維持穩定。而生態變遷與地景指數之定量變化關係仍有待後續生態調查資料之持續搜集方能予以驗証。

關鍵字

地景 ； 生態 ； 地景指標 ； 衛星影像 ； 地理資訊系統

並列摘要

Due to natural disasters and human disturbances in recent years, the landscape in Central Taiwan suffered certain kind of changes. In particular, landslides caused by earthquake and heavy rainfall, improper use and development in hill slope areas enlarge and speed up the change of forest landscape. Several studies on the change of forest landscape by integrating remotely sensed data and Geographic Information System (GIS) informatics were published after the great Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999 and Typhoon Toraji in 2001. However, few studies were focused on the interactions and relationships between change of ecosystem and landscape. In this paper, a pioneering research is accomplished by using Landscape Pattern Metrics (LPM) derived from Satellite Imagery and GIS spatial coverage to model the possible pattern of change between landscape and ecology. Located at the mountainous area in central Taiwan, ranging from 800 to 1,800 meter and comprising 2,349 hectares in size, Sitou Tract of the National Taiwan University Experimental Forest is selected as the study site. Three FORMOSAT II images through 2004 to 2006 are used to compute LPM and analyzed with ecological investigation collected from seven ground sample sites. The preliminary result shows that by using remotely sensed data and ground investigation, it is feasible to monitor and assess the relationship between change of landscape and ecology in forests. It indicates that the recovery and restoration of vegetation after the human and natural disturbances highly correlates with the value of NDVI (Normalized Differential Vegetation Index), bird composition and diversity are highly correlated with the diversity of patches. The values of SHDI(Shannon Diversity Index), SIDI(Simpson Diversity Index), SHEI(Shannon Evenness Index) and SIEI (Simpson Evenness Index) show that the diversity of landscape is growing while the evenness of landscape remains stable from 2004 to 2006. The proof for the obvious relationship between the change of ecology and landscape metrics is yet to be verified by subsequent ecological investigations.

並列關鍵字

landscape ； ecology ； Landscape Pattern Metrics ； satellite imagery ； GIS