臺灣傳統漁業文化的轉型與發展－以北海岸金山蹦火仔漁法為例

蹦火仔是曾經盛行於北海岸的傳統漁法，已有百年的歷史但沒落消失一段時間，十多年前金山地區磺港老漁人重拾漁法，繼續傳承此獨特的文化資產。藉由田野調查和深度訪談的歸結發現：蹦火仔漁法至今仍維持傳統漁具漁法、漁業組織和祭儀等，是人地協調合一的生活智慧累積，極具保存價值且已成為觀光的新亮點。透過紮根理論的編碼歷程及概念範疇的聚焦，本文運用ATLAS.ti質性軟體建構出生產、文化和觀光的三個環環相扣的核心範疇並認為「蹦火仔漁法」是順應環境、和諧生態的產業活動，且是先民智慧累積的文化資產故值得重視與保存，而一地文化資產凝聚了地方集體認同的共同記憶，能建立居民的地方感和自信心，也會吸引慕名而來的觀光人潮；因此若能妥慎規劃和包裝，呈現當地特色與人文精神的意義，不僅使傳統產業得以轉型和延續，也利於觀光產業和地方經濟的永續發展。

關鍵字

蹦火仔漁法；紮根理論；文化資產；金山地區

並列摘要

Beng Hui A is a traditional fishing technique once prevailant on the north coast of Taiwan that has a history dating back more than a century. But to the modernization of fishing, various diet changes in preferrences for fish dishes and the exhaustion of fish sources, this traditional fishing skill has declined and almost disappeared. A decade ago some old fishermen at Huanggang Harbor in the Jinshan area revived this fishing technique to continue their fishing heritage. Field work and in-depth interviews revealed this fishing method was set up according to the special coastal terrain, the ocean currents, and tidal waters and fish habits. The study also compiled the wisdom of their ancestors. The revival of this old fishing practice comes at a time when conservation has become greatly valued and a key tourist attraction. Through the grounded theory and ATLAS.ti program analysis three benefits can be seen in the categories of core concept, production, and culture and tourism. In short, this rare and unique fishing skill continues the legacy of past people and places. This new old-style fishing technique not only enhances local cultural heritage but also the sense of collective memory and community. This revival of the past through skillful packaging and marketing will make the Jinshan an important recreation site while enhancing the cultural industry, local economy and sustainable tourism.