台灣國中卡巴迪選手運動傷害調查

本研究旨在針對台灣國中卡巴迪選手進行運動傷害調查，受訪對象為參加104年全國會長盃卡巴迪錦標賽之國中組男、女選手，其中男性選手72名，年齡14.38±0.97歲，身高1.64±0.09公尺，體重55.54±8.15公斤；女性選手90名，年齡14.35±0.87歲，身高1.58±0.05公尺，體重50.95±6.46公斤。研究結果發現：一、選手受傷發生率為0.78次／人、女性選手受傷人數顯著多於男性選手、身體左側受傷次數顯著多於身體右側、新傷次數顯著大於舊傷次數。二、選手身體各部位受傷次數達顯著差異，第一名為大腿及踝關節，第二名為膝關節，第三名為小腿，全集中在下肢。三、選手各種傷害次數達顯著差異；前三名則依序為撞傷、關節扭傷與肌肉痠痛。四、選手練習的受傷次數顯著大於比賽的受傷次數。五、選手受傷當下處理方式達顯著差異，第一名為冰敷，第二名為不理會繼續運動或者貼（包）紮，第三名為不理會與休息。六、選手受傷後就醫方式有顯著差異，第一名為不理會（自行恢復），第二名為老師（教練）、第三名則為西醫。因應這些結果，建議為：一、代表隊業管單位應協助爭取相關補助，以聘請運動傷害防護員，進而解決國中卡巴迪選手所面臨的運動傷害問題。二、教練或帶隊老師可由強化選手下肢肌力、肌耐力與柔軟度的方式著手，以改善並預防選手運動傷害的發生並促進國中階段卡巴迪選手身體在體型與各項基本能力的發展。三、建議選手在比賽或練習時可以穿戴各式護具或進行貼紮，以減少撞傷和關節扭傷的機率。四、教練或帶隊老師在選手練習時必須注意場地安全，適當安排選手訓練課表，避免國中層級選手在練習時的嘻鬧行為，進而降低或避免運動傷害的發生；另外選手傷害發生時也須加以注意，不可完全不理會並讓其繼續運動，以免選手暴露在運動傷害的風險中。

關鍵字

運動選手；運動傷害分析；運動傷害因應對策

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to conduct a sports injury investigation on junior high school Kabaddi players of Taiwan. Interviewees were junior high school male and female players that competed in 2015 National Leader Cup in Taiwan. 72 of them were male players. Age, height and weight of this male players were 14.38±0.97 years, 1.64±0.09 m and 55.54±8.15 kg individually. 90 of them were female players. Age, height and weight of this female players were 14.35±0.87 years, 1.58±0.05 m and 50.95±6.46 kg respectively. Results showed: 1. The rate of injuries happened to players is 0.78 per person. Female players were injured significantly more than male players, the left side of the body was injured significantly more than the right side of the body, and the number of new injuries was significantly greater than the number of past injuries. 2. There were significant differences in the number of players' injury in each parts of their body. The first of them was thigh or ankle joint, the second was knee joint, and the third was leg, all concentrated in the lower limbs. 3. There were significant differences between the numbers of players' injuries. The top three were bruises, joint sprains and muscle soreness. 4. The numbers of injuries happened when players practicing were greater significantly than the numbers of injuries in games. 5. Current handlings to care players' injuries were different significantly. The first was icing, the second was ignoring and continued exercise or taping (bandaging), and the third was ignoring and rest. 6. There were significant differences between the ways players get medical care after injury. The first was to ignore (recover by selves), the second was the teachers' or coaches' helping, and the third was Western medicine. In response to these results, recommendations were: 1. Management units of these teams should assist in obtaining relevant subsidies to hire athletic trainers to solve sports injury problems of these junior high school Kabaddi players. 2. Coaches or teachers could strengthen the lower limb muscle strength, muscle endurance and flexibility of these junior high school Kabaddi players to improve and prevent the occurrence of sports injuries and promote the development of the body shape and various basic abilities of them. 3. Players wearing various braces or taping during competition or practice to reduce the chance of bruises and joint sprains was recommended. 4. Coaches or teachers must pay attention to the safety of the field when the players were practicing, arrange players' training schedule appropriately and forbid players' quarrel and playing behavior to reducing or avoiding sports injuries. In addition, they must also pay attention when players suffering from injuries, can't completely ignore and let them continue to exercise, so as to avoid these players exposed to the risk of sports injuries.