應用群體可靠度模式於數位化主控制室團隊失誤分析

本研究的主要目的在於利用群體可靠度模式（Crew Reliability Model, CRM）進行人為失誤分析，並以數位化主控制室為例，說明分析流程。近年來，核電廠的人機系統介面產生了顯著的變化，其中之一便是主控制室的數位化，數位化後，為確保核電廠的運轉安全，必須進行安全度評估，安全度評估包括對硬體、軟體、與人員的評估，人員可靠度分析即是安全度評估中，特別對人員所做的評估方法，其方法主要可分為基於專家判斷與統計分析的第一代HRA方法，以及基於認知科學的第二代HRA方法。這些方法在使用上均有其特性與限制，因此，不斷有新的方法推出以改善其分析效益。然而，卻少見將焦點鎖定於群體作業上之研究，因此，本文以此為題，嘗試以群體為核心，建立群體可靠度分析模式，並以一數位化主控制室團隊失誤分析之應用實例作為驗證，以供後續人員可靠度研究或相關實務之參考。

關鍵字

人為失誤；團隊失誤；人員可靠度分析；績效塑成因子；數位化主控制室

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to apply the crew reliability model (CRM) on analysis of human errors. Then, a case example, the digitalized main control room, was implemented in this study to describe the CRM procedures. Recently, there are many significant changes occurred within the human-system interfaces (HSIs) in the main control room. The most representative change is the digitalization of HSIs. It is important to make sure the safety of the nuclear power plants operation. One of the most common methods is probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). Analyses for system, structure, and components (SSCs) and human beings are equally important in the PRA. Human reliability analysis (HRA) is used to assess the risk by human beings in the PRA. HRA tools may be classified as the first or the second generation. The first generation may be similarly describable as hardware reliability and use amounts of quantified methods. The second generation is analyzed by human-centered methods, such as psychological tools and cognitive theories. However, these two generations do not put emphasis on the crew task. Thus, this study put emphasis on the teamwork. A crew reliability model was then developed. Finally, a case example of the digitalized main control room was implemented in this study to describe the CRM procedures

並列關鍵字

Human errors ； team errors ； human reliability analysis ； performance shaping factors ； advanced control room

國際替代計量

應用群體可靠度模式於數位化主控制室團隊失誤分析

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