元好問論詩第十一首詩畫同律之美學探析

「眼處心生句自神，暗中摸索總非真。畫圖臨出秦川景，親到長安有幾人？」是元好問〈論詩三十首〉的第十一首，這首詩顯現詩畫同律的美學觀點，即情與景密切融合將可展現詩和畫的創作審美意象；杜甫盡覽秦川景物與風情，猶如范寬親臨其境，故能經由內心蘊化而描繪入神。「眼處心生」與意境說關係相繫，心與境契合能引發靈感與創作；而「外師造化，中得心源。」除以大自然為師，並且心靈意會；提升為物我相融，詩作自有神韻，相通於「傳神」及「氣韻生動」之畫理；最後臻於「逸品」即藝術的最高層次。「親到長安」在美學精神上則含有自然景色、現實生活與內心情性的真與神。因此，對於元好問此詩關於詩畫同律之美學探析，顯出詩與畫的創作貴真、心、神之理趣，而達美的意境。

關鍵字

元好問〈論詩三十首〉；詩畫同律；眼處心生；杜甫；范寬

並列摘要

”What you see is in your heart creates lines; searching in the dark is not always true. Painting the scene of Chin River, who can go to Chengan by themselves” is the 11th poem of ”Poem Discussion” by Yuan Hao-Wen. This poem shows the aesthetics point of view of poems and paintings in the same rhythm. In other words, the close combination of emotion and scenery can express the aesthetics image of creation. Du Fu sees the entire scene and image of Chin Rivers just like Fan Juan is there by himself; therefore, it can be described from the heart. ”What you see is in your heart” has close relationship with artistic conception. The heart and the scene closely connected can intrigue inspiration and creativity. As for ”the creation is from the outside, centered from the heart,” it learns from the nature and have spiritual connection. Increase the fusion of object and self. Poems have their clink that connects to the ”vivid” and ”vigorous of chi” of painting theory. Finally, supreme creation is the highest level of art. ”Go to Chengan” has the true and spirit of nature scenery, reality, and inner heart. Therefore, this poem by Yuan Hao-Wen is to discuss the poems and paintings in the same rhythm, showing the pleasure of true, heart, and spirit when creating poems and paintings; finally, reach the concept of beauty.