國小高年級學童運動健康信念、外表評價對運動參與程度的影響

The Influence of Sports Health Beliefs, and Appearance Evaluation on Sports Participation of Senior Elementary School Children

官美卉(Mei-Hui Knan) ； 莊月里(Yueh-Li Chuang)

《休閒運動健康評論》 12卷1期 (2023/03) Pp. 15-29

摘要

本研究目的在分析國小高年級學童參與者背景變項在運動健康信念與外表評價之差異情形，並驗證控制變項、運動健康信念、外表評價及運動參與程度之間影響關係。採叢集抽樣從六個縣市施測五年級及六年級共36個班，回收有效問卷607位學生資料。經統計分析結果發現：一、參與者性別變項在運動健康信念達顯著差異，顯示男生學童運動健康信念高於女生學童；年級變項在運動健康信念達顯著差異，六年級學童運動健康信念高於五年級學童。二、參與者年級變項在外表評價上未達顯著性差異，而性別變項在外表評價達顯著差異，發現女生學童外表評價較高於男生學童。三、驗證學童的控制變項、運動健康信念、外表評價及運動參與程度之間影響關係，結果發現性別達顯著負向影響運動參與程度，表示男生運動參與程度高於女生。年級未達顯著影響。高年級學童的運動健康信念會正向影響運動參與程度。高年級學童的外表評價不會影響運動參與程度。四、學童的控制變項（性別、年級）、運動健康信念、外表評價等變項能解釋運動參與程度變項的8％解釋變異量。

關鍵字

性別 ； 年級 ； 運動健康信念 ； 外表評價 ； 運動參與程度

並列摘要

The aim of this study is to analyze the differences in sports health beliefs and appearance evaluations between the background variables of senior elementary students, and to verify the influences among control variables, sports health beliefs, appearance evaluations and the degree of participation in sports. The random cluster sampling is used, and the questionnaire are distributed to 36 classes of fifth and sixth grades from six counties. 607 samples were collected as valid questionnaires with the effective recovery rate of 93.4%. The results of the questionnaire analysis were inducted as follows：1. Participants' gender variables had significant differences in sports health beliefs, it shows that male students had higher sports health beliefs than female students; grade variables had significant differences in sports health beliefs, it shows that sixth-grade students had higher sports health beliefs than fifth-grade students. 2. Participants' grade variables didn't reach a significant difference in appearance evaluation However, gender variables had significant differences in appearance evaluation. It shows that the appearance evaluation of female students is higher than that of male students. 3. To verify the relationship among the control variables, sports health beliefs, appearance evaluation, and sports participation of students. The results show that gender had significantly negative influences on the degree of sports participation, it shows that boys' sports participation is higher than girls'. The grades didn't reach a significant influence. The sports health beliefs of senior students positively affect the degree of sports participation. The appearance evaluation of senior students didn't affect the degree of participation in sports. 4. Students' control variables such as gender and grade, sports health beliefs, appearance evaluation and other variables could explain 8% of the variance in sports participation degree variables.

並列關鍵字

Gender ； grade ； sports health belief ； appearance evaluation ； sports participation

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