施用有機質堆肥及疏果對李產量及品質之影響

Effect of Organic Compost and Thinning on Yield and Fruit Quality of Plum (Prunus domestica L.)

倪萬丁(Wan-Ting Ni) ； 阮素芬(Su-Feng Roan)

《桃園區農業改良場研究報告》 25期 (1996/06) Pp. 11-17

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.199606.0002

摘要

以樹皮堆肥、雞糞堆肥、豬糞堆肥及不施堆肥（對照）4種有機肥之施用，同時配合疏果與否共計8個處理。探討對加州李生育之影響。結果顯示，三種堆肥之有機質含量相近，pH值在7.0以上，無機養分則以樹皮堆肥之養分比例較為平衡。三種有機質堆肥施用後對土壤pH未有明顯的改善效果，但與對照組相較，有機質含量明顯較高，此外豬糞堆肥處理提高土壤鉀含量。各處理間開花期無差異，開花數及著果數則以豬糞堆肥及豬糞堆肥配合疏果最高，雞糞堆肥處理次之。枝條長度及葉片數則以豬糞堆肥處理生長最佳，而雞糞堆肥處理則產生較多之徒長枝。三種堆肥單獨施用及堆肥配合疏果均具有提高果實數及單株產量之效果，疏果處理更有助於產量之增加，其中又以豬糞堆肥之增產效果最佳。果重、果徑、果高及果實糖度亦以豬糞堆肥處理較優。

關鍵字

李 ； 有機質 ； 品質 ； 生長

並列摘要

A field experiment was conducted during 1992-1995 to study the effect of different organic composts and fruit thinning on growth and yield of plum (Prunus domestica L.). Three kinds of organic composts, namely, bark compost, chicken manure and pig manure were used. All kind of the organic composts had high organic matter contents, the pH value higher than 7, and the mineral nutrient contents of bark compost were more balance than the other two composts. Soil pH was not improved by applied all kinds of organic composts. But soil organic matter contents increased significantly after organic composts were applied. Plots treated with pig manure were significantly increased K content of soil. No differences in flowering period were observed among all treatments. Plot treated with pig manure and pig manure + fruit thinning had more flowers and fruit setting. Plot treated with pig manure obtained the longest shoot the most number of leaves, the highest fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit height and soluble solid contents while chicken manure treatment gave the largest quantity of water sprout shoots. All of the treatments increased the yield and number of fruit per tree, especially in pig manure treatment plots.

並列關鍵字

Plum ； Organic compost ； Quality ； Growth