新型複合式引擎電子氣閥之動態分析與驅控

The Dynamic Analysis and Actuation of a New Hybrid Electromagnetic Valve for Engines

蕭耀榮(Yao-Jung Shiao) ； 曾義傑(Yi-Jie Zheng)

《臺北科技大學學報》 44卷2期 (2012/02) Pp. 1-15

https://doi.org/10.29768/JNTUT.201202.0001

摘要

在各種提高引擎效率的方法中，可變氣門正時可針對不同轉速範圍使用不同的氣門啟閉角度，使引擎在全轉速範圍下均可得到較高效率；而引擎電子氣閥（Electromagnetic Valve, EMV）因具有極高的正時調整自由度，可大幅提高可變氣門正時系統之效益，對達成低耗能引擎具有極大發展潛力。本研究針對所發展之新型雙永磁電磁複合式引擎電子氣閥，進行其動態分析與驅動控制。該新型引擎電子氣閥在結構上使用了雙永磁和電磁的複合磁力機構，採用對稱式配置，改善一般引擎電子氣閥作用力過小與作用力範圍不足之問題；此外並設計了創新之引導式第二磁路，以驅動電子氣閥運作並改善系統強健性及永磁退磁之問題。研究中進行此電子氣閥之動態分析，分析系統於各種模式下永磁與電磁之磁路走向，以確定其磁路之走向與設計相符，使系統能依規畫運作；並進行電子氣閥建模與動態模擬，分析電子氣閥之電樞與氣閥在不同轉速下動態運作時的位移與速度；最後亦針對電子氣閥之動態特性，提出一低耗能、低複雜度且具有緩接觸控制之電子氣閥驅動方法，使電子氣閥之接觸速度顯著降低，並能應用於高轉速引擎。

關鍵字

電子氣閥 ； 緩接觸控制 ； 可變氣門正時

並列摘要

Among the available methods of promoting engine operating efficiency, variable valve timing (VVT) is a positive way by applying adequate valve open/closing timings for different engine speeds. By this way, an engine with VVT technique can obtain better running efficiency for its whole speed range. Since the electromagnetic valve (EMV) has very high degree of freedom in valve-timing adjustment, EMV provides great performance to VVT technique and has an important role in the development of high-efficiency engines. In this research, the dynamics of a new PM/EM hybrid electromagnetic valve (EMV) for engines was investigated, and a corresponding actuating strategy was also discussed. The symmetric configuration of permanent magnets and electromagnets in the new hybrid EMV made the valve catching force and force range were enhanced. This new hybrid EMV also applied the design of an innovative secondary magnetic channel to improve system robustness and the degradation of magnet in the previous designed EMV. In this research the dynamic simulation and analysis of this new hybrid EMV were performed. From the simulation results, the direction of magnetic flux was confirmed as coincident with the designed direction. Corresponding dynamic models of this new EMV was also built for dynamic simulation. Then the displacement and velocity of the armature in this new EMV was analyzed. The results showed that this EMV was suitable for engines to operate up to 8000 rpm. Finally, a simple low-energy valve-actuating control strategy was provided for soft-landing control to effectively reduce the impact velocity of EMV armature.

並列關鍵字

electromagnetic valve ； soft landing control ； variable valve timing