According to traditional historical accounts, the Kalewan Battle is generally deemed as barbarian rebellions in the process of Han settlements that demand the state's suppression. From the Indigenous Peoples' perspective, on the other hand, this is the resistance for their own survival in the face of alien encroachments on their lands. In this study, we will begin with understanding of how this event has taken place based on earlier accomplishments of historians. We will then endeavor to test the robustness of the conceptual framework of politicizing identity of ethnic minorities that we have developed elsewhere. Our focuses will on who the Manchurian government decided to deal with the incident, and how that Kalewan elites reacted to the state's policy.