This paper will examine the rising Taiwan independence movement and the debate in Taiwan over unification and independence. The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and the Nation Building Party have become the “headquarters”for Taiwan independence, as both of them claim Taiwan independence as their goal in their party constitutions. Based on the result of public opinion polls made by the Lianho Bao (United Daily News), Zhongguo Shibao (China Times), the Mainland Affairs Council of the Executive Yuan, and the DPP, this paper will develop its discussion in four sections: an examination of Taiwan people's attitudes toward mainland China; questions concerning ethnic recognition; policy lines determining Taiwan people's choice of unification or dependence; and a conclusion.