關係平衡vs.普世改造：中美國際干預風格與大戰略思維之比較

A Comparison between the U.S. and China's Strategic Logic and Practice: Universalism vs. Relational Rationale

黃瓊萩(Chiung-Chiu Huang)

《中國大陸研究》 58卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 71-92

https://doi.org/10.30389/MCS.201512_58(4).0003

摘要

隨著中國崛起與國力日漸強大，中美關係的互動模式蔚為國際關係研究領域的焦點。中國參與全球治理的理念與政策偏好明顯與美國不同，早已為國際關係研究者相當關注的議題。本文主張中美兩大強權參與全球事務的策略模式受到其大戰略風格與設計邏輯的影響，並且反映在兩國處理國際干預案件的迥異態度之上。換言之，中美兩國參與和回應國際干預事件的方式，是為兩國大戰略風格的延伸。而中美各自大戰略邏輯成形的基礎，必須從其世界觀與價值體系交互作用的過程來觀察。本文從歷史與政治文化的角度切入，首先分析中美兩國大戰略設計邏輯的歷史與文化淵源，以釐清兩大強權國家的大戰略發展脈絡，進而分析並比較兩國參與國際干預案例的態度與政策偏好。

關鍵字

中國外交政策 ； 美國外交政策 ； 大戰略 ； 國際干預

並列摘要

This paper aims to provide a detailed comparison between the U.S. and China's grand strategies and their implications on both states' modes of global governance. Grand strategy is the guideline for states to construct attitudes and responses toward international affairs, especially crucial issues regarding global governance. By depicting core values behind both great powers' logics of building grand strategies, this article further analyzes how these unique characteristics in their diverse styles of grand strategy shape the way they make corresponding policies in the matter of international intervention. The essence of this article reveals that the U.S. grand strategy focuses more on Washington's role of dominating construction of international order, while China pursues a relational-oriented style of grand strategy. Applying diverse styles of grand strategy on cases of international intervention, the U.S. and China hence develop different and sometimes contradictory attitudes and responses concerning proposals of imposing intervention and means to materialize the act. This article concludes that there have been obvious and unsolvable controversies in the two great powers' designs of grand strategy. Their cooperation will be shaped by such controversies; thus mutual understandings and tolerance are to be carried out in order to facilitate global governance in the current era.

並列關鍵字

Grand Strategy ； Intervention ； Chinese Foreign Policy ； US Foreign Policy

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