跆拳道選手預備站姿之空間準確性知覺

Perceiving Spatial Accuracy on Preparatory Standing Postures in Taekwondo Players

葉宇恆(Yu-Heng Yeh) ； 楊梓楣(Chih-Mei Yang)

《大專體育學刊》 16卷1期 (2014/03) Pp. 37-44

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1601.004

摘要

個體經由自發性的身體動作得以覺知視覺光流，其可提供個體有關於環境中物體位移的距離，及其與個體相對位置的訊息。本研究旨在檢證跆拳道選手以動態預備站姿產生的身體位移，是否影響空間準確性的知覺。20位具有黑帶貳段之國際段證的中學跆拳道代表隊選手參與本實驗，參與者皆參加過跆拳道對打競賽。本實驗的自變項為預備站姿（蹲式與跳動）與目標移動（靠近與遠離），情境由兩種變項交織而成，參與者在各情境下進行知覺判斷最佳有效踢擊距離之試作12次，合計48次試作。其結果顯示預備站姿與目標移動間的交互作用達顯著；簡單主要效果考驗發現在目標遠離情境中，蹲式站姿的絕對誤差顯著低於跳動站姿，而在目標靠近情境中，兩種預備站姿無顯著差異。本研究結論：本研究發現蹲式站姿足以使個體準確覺知最佳得分距離之關鍵訊息，而跳動站姿可能會造成空間準確性知覺判斷的干擾。

關鍵字

生態觀點 ； 知覺判斷 ； 有效踢擊距離 ； 跳動站姿

並列摘要

Through the spontaneous body movement, individuals could perceive information about displacement of an object and its relative position to the individuals. This study aimed to examine whether body displacement generated by the dynamic preparatory stance would affect the perception of spatial accuracy in taekwondo players. Twenty taekwondo players from varsity teams of junior high schools served as the participants in this study. All subjects were above the international second degree Black Belt, and ever attended taekwondo competition of sparring. Four experimental conditions, composed of the preparatory stance (squat and jumping) and target movement (inward and outward) were considered to study the postures. Participants were required to judge the effective kick distance for twelve times in each condition, and total forty-eight trials were carried out. In the results we found that there was a significant interaction between preparatory stance and target moving direction. A simple main effect was found in the target-outward condition, absolute error in squat posture were significantly lower than in jump posture. In contrast, there was no difference in absolute error score between the two kinds of preparatory standing postures in the target approaching condition. It was concluded that squat preparatory stance was sufficient for athletes to perceive critical information for judging the effective kick distances. However, the jumping stance might interfere in the spatial accuracy judgment.

並列關鍵字

ecological approach ； direct perception ； effective kick distance ； jump preparatory standing posture

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