台灣地區土壤中木黴菌株對植物病原真菌拮抗能力之篩選

Screening of Trichoderma Spp. from Soils in Taiwan for Antagonism on Fungal Plant Pathogens

倪蕙芳(Hui-Fang Ni) ； 許淑麗(Shu-Li Hsu) ； 陳瑞祥(Ruey-Shyang Chen) ； 楊宏仁(Hong-Ren Yang)

《台灣農業研究》 59卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 29-41

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2010.05901.03

摘要

本研究自台灣田間作物土壤分離獲得643株木黴菌，利用玻璃紙抗生法篩選對百合灰黴病菌(Botrytis elliptica)、褐根病菌(Phellinus noxius)及疫病菌(Phytophthora capsici)等植物病原真菌生長具有拮抗性之木黴菌菌株；結果顯示Tri-003及Tri-080菌株對這3種病菌之菌絲生長抑制率皆可達100%。另外，此兩菌株對荔枝露疫病菌(Peronophythora litchii)及腐霉菌(Pythium sp.)之菌絲生長亦具有100%的抑制率。此兩菌株經由形態特徵及rDNA ITS序列比對後鑑定皆為Trichoderma virens。

關鍵字

木黴菌 ； 拮抗性 ； 植物病原真菌 ； 生物防治

並列摘要

A total of 643 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were obtained from rhizosphere soils in central and southern Taiwan. Among them, 301 isolates were assayed in vitro for antagonism on the fungal plant pathogens, Botrytis elliptica, Phellinus noxius, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Phytophthora capcisi, using for cellophane paper method. Results showed that two of the isolates, Tri-003 and Tri-080, completely suppressed the mycelial growth of these four fungal pathogens. Tri-003 and Tri-080 were further tested for antagonism on seven species of other fungal plant pathogens and the results showed that these two isolates also completely inhibited mycelial growth of Peronophythora litchi and Pythium sp. Results of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA sequence of Tri-003 and Tri-080 isolates showed a sequence identity of 99% with Trichoderma virens. Based on morphological and molecular studies, the identity of both Tri-003 and Tri-080 belongs to T. virens. The potential of these two antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma for control of plant diseases caused by Phytophthora spp., Pythium spp., and Phellinus noxius warrants further investigations.

並列關鍵字

Trichoderma virens ； Antagonism ； Fungal plant pathogens ； Biocontrol