「物趣」與「物論」：《聊齋誌異》物質書寫之美典初探

本文試圖透過《聊齋誌異》的物質書寫，考察其感知與認知雙向涵攝的辯證思考，文中首先藉〈鴿異〉的闡釋，指出蒲松齡承繼了博物的傳統，透過主人公對「動物」的豢養與命名先予以物化，但蒲氏又以主人公「物癡」的浪漫精神和動物進行神秘的審美觀賞與精神交流，來解消人類對他物的佔有與消費，由此思考人類習慣性對待他物的態度和文化。其次以〈八大王〉為例，說明蒲松齡以民間獲寶心態為基礎，在人類對寶物趨避之間，既賦予它道德的傳統意涵，也加上療癒的新意涵。最後，由〈余德〉的敘事為中心展開「物觀」考察，由物質的賞玩與幻滅，表現出作者對人類操縱「奇貨」的精神反思，《聊齋誌異》物質書寫實承載了人類情志與價值體系的多重對話。

關鍵字

物質研究；聊齋誌異；物論；物趣；美典

並列摘要

The intention of this article was trying to analyzed the object description in the stories of Liao-zai-zhi-yi. Through the acknowledgement of objects, the author focused on the interaction of human and the objects, and turned materials into the objects of appreciation.In this article, the author mentioned three stories in the book of Liao-zai-zhi-yi which was written by Pu, Songling. The first story, the oddity of pigeon, it started from raising the animal as pet, treating the pet as a favorite object, owning the pet as its master, and even consume it as the mentality of ownership continue to grow. The second story, eight kings, Pu described how people were eager to own the precious object, and how ownership can turn into danger of confronting robbery or fear of losing it. In this story, Pu also gave the psychological aspects of approach-and- avoidance conflict toward a treasury. It has contained not only a traditional meaning but also yield the way of healing. In the final story, Pu talked about a stranger named Yu De who came to live in a village. Yu De's collection had raised curiosity, craze and greed of villagers. But at the end of the story, Yu De disappeared and all his fantastic collections were also vanished, nothing but empty yard, burned candle, finger prints and broken jar left. This story has given readers introspective thoughts toward the oddity of object as well as its nature of disillusion.The description of the objects in the book of Liao-zai-zhi-yi has sprung the thoughts of sensation and perception for readers. In the stories, throughout the exchange and interaction between human and the objects, it has opened a multiple dialog for lifestyle, cultural trend, social system, mainstream value and for human's affections as well.