先秦儒墨之論爭及其教育意涵

墨子與孔孟荀的理念不同，儒家之仁義禮樂核心思想，墨子都提出不同的見解，此外思維術、為學、行事的主張也不同，從墨子與孔孟荀教育思想的差異對照，可知，先秦儒墨教育思想之不同處如下：（1）儒家主張仁愛，墨家主張兼愛；（2）儒家提倡是義非利，墨家提倡義是公利；（3）儒家提倡隆禮，墨家提倡簡化禮；（4）儒家提倡樂教，墨家提倡非樂；（5）儒家著重正名思辯，墨家著重邏輯推理；（6）儒家著重立志博學，墨家著重崇尚實踐；（7）儒家著重求道，墨家著重言行一致。

關鍵字

墨子；孔子；孟子；荀子

並列摘要

Mo-tzu's thought is different from that of Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi. Mo-tzu didn't agree with the Confucian virtues of ”Benevolence”, ”Righteousness”, ”Ceremony”, and ”Music”. They are different in methodologies of thinking, learning, and practice.The differences in educational thought between Confucianism and Mohism in the Pre-Ch'in period may be summarized as follows:(1) Confucians advocated ”Benevolence”, whereas the Mohists advocated ”Universal Love”.(2) The Confucians promoted ”Rightenousness over self interest”, whereas the Mohists believed ”Righteousness is identical with public interest”.(3) The Confucians advocated ”Meticulous ceremonies and ritual”, whereas the Mohists advocated ”Simplified ceremonies and ritual”.(4) The Confucians advocated ”Music for education”, whereas the Mohists advocated ”Condemnation of Music”.(5) The Confucians emphasized ”The ethical method of rectification of names”, whereas the Mohists emphasized ”Logical reasoning”.(6) The Confucians emphasized ”The will to acquire wide learning”, whereas the Mohist emphasis was on ”Enthusiasm in practice”.(7) The Confucians emphasized ”Seeking the truth of the Dao”, whereas the Mohists emphasized ”Carrying out your ideals”.