植栽的風擋作用－住宅建築的自然通風研究

Shielded by Hedgy Windbreaks-Study on Natural Ventilation of a Residential Building

張瑋如(W.R. Chang)

《中華建築學刊》 1卷2期 (2005/05) Pp. 51-59

https://doi.org/10.6371/CHJA.200505.0051

摘要

本研究提出研究架構以對設置於住宅建築物前迎風面的植栽風擋進行有系統而完整的探討，並於文中討論分析以計算流體力學的分析方法得出的部分研究成果。研究結果顯示，植栽風擋會影響經過的氣流結構，進而改變了風擋後建築物室內外的通風型態。本研究歸納出三種典型的氣流模式，分別為「穿越流」、「停滯流」，以及「循環流」。風擋的孔隙率過低將無法得到適宜的調節控制效果，甚至產生零通氣量的現象。而設置植栽風擋於近距離，對二樓室內反產生比原來更強勁的氣流，此外研究結果也發現部份的孔隙率具有相類似的風擋效果。

關鍵字

通風 ； 孔隙率 ； 氣流 ； 風擋

並列摘要

This paper presents a research framework to study the effects of placing hedgy windbreaks ahead of a residential building on the airflow in and around the building. A CFD simulation is carried out to predict the fluid flow characteristics around the porous hedge and the building resulted from different hedge porosities. Results show that the porous hedge could modify the flow structures behind the hedge, and thus alter the cross ventilation in the building. Three typical flow patterns behind the porous hedge are identified: the penetrating flow, the stagnant flow and the recirculating flow. It is also found that there exists a critical hedge porosity below which the cross ventilation in the first floor of the building is inverse. For the second floor, placing windbreaks results in stronger windflow. Furthermore, hedges with porosities within a certain range have the same effects on the airflow.

並列關鍵字

Ventilation ； Porosity ； Airflow ； Windbreak