跨國形塑歷史知識的挑戰：以中日韓共構歷史教材為例

Challenges in Cross-National Co-construction of History Knowledge: A Case Study of the China-Japan-Korea Collaborative Project of ＂A History to Open the Future＂

李涵鈺(Han-Yu Li) ； 甄曉蘭(Hsiao-Lan Chen)

《課程與教學》 19卷4期 (2016/10) Pp. 131-158

https://doi.org/10.6384/CIQ.201610_19(4).0006

摘要

為追求和平發展，已有不少國家展開跨國共構歷史教材，從不同的觀點來重塑歷史，以期增進相互理解、化解敵對關係、促成共存共榮。本研究首先探討跨國共構歷史教材的意義，瞭解國際發展趨勢及其問題，再以中日韓學者在2005 年共構《東亞三國的近現代史》歷史教材為例，透過訪談，瞭解教材發展的緣起，並探討其共構教材形塑歷史知識的歷程與挑戰。研究發現跨國共構歷史知識遭逢的挑戰包括：對戰爭本質與歷史人物的詮釋、歷史研究重點與方法的差異、歷史名詞與文字使用的指涉、國情差異與民族情感的問題等。據此，並從歷史記憶、政治意識型態、歷史教育三個層面，來批判反思歷史知識形塑的議題，從而討論跨國形塑歷史知識對歧見化解與國際理解的可能。

關鍵字

歷史教材 ； 跨國共構教材 ； 知識形塑 ； 歷史教育 ； 教科書

並列摘要

Revisiting the past from different perspectives to enhance mutual understanding and to resolve conflicts for peace building become a focus recently, and many countries have started cross-national joint construction of history teaching materials. This paper first introduces its meaning, trends, and possible challenges of constructing these materials. Secondly, interview data were collected from several history scholars in China, Japan, and Korea, who have been joining this project A History to Open the Future. Major arguments and issues emerged were then raised and further discussed. Considerable critical issues shown are on interpretations of the nature of war and historical figures, differences of historical research priorities and methods, historical terms and the use of language tone, differences in national sentimentality, etc. This paper finally reflects on some issues from the three aspects: historical memory, political ideology, and history education. Further discussions on possible promises from the efforts devoted to this cross-national construction of history knowledge were carried out with a hope that more enhancement of conflict resolution and international understanding could be reached in the coming era.

並列關鍵字

history teaching material ； cross-national joint construction of teaching material ； knowledge formation ； history education ； textbook

參考文獻

大日方純夫(2005)。「未来をひらく歴史」日中韓共同執筆の意義と課題。日本の科学者。40(12)，3-6。

大日方純夫(2006)。日中韓三国共通歴史教材づくりにおける議論点—歴史叙述歴史研究とかかわって。大阪歴史科学協議会。185，23-31。

李涵鈺(2013)。跨國共構歷史教材之越國理解：以中日韓《東亞三國的近現代史》為例(博士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系。

甄曉蘭編(2013)。和平教育：理念與實踐。臺北市:國家教育研究院。

李涵鈺(2014)。由誰來書寫歷史？中日韓三國高中歷史教科書中爭議性歷史事件的敘寫與啟示。教師專業研究。8，53-84。