Sleep is essential for humans, and the quality of sleep can indirectly affect many aspects of human health and daily life. However, poor quality sleep over a long period of time can lead to many health problams, and in severe cases, it may increase the risk of disease, accidents, and even death. There is an inseparable relationship between disease and sleep. The presence of health issues can affect the quality of sleep, leading to sleep disorders. This article addressed the basic physiology of sleep and related factors that affect sleep quality, common sleep disorders, and the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with sleep quality. This information is intended to provide healthcare providers with a reference for sleep care.