「帶著悲傷前行」：以焦點團體法探討喪親家屬哀傷經驗

喪親是不可避免的人生經歷，過去有關哀傷歷程研究，以小團體訪談方式多元瞭解哀傷歷程之研究較少。本研究目的為以焦點團體法探討喪親家屬之哀傷歷程，在南部某醫學中心安寧病房採立意取樣，以半結構式指引進行焦點團體訪談。共收案6位親人因癌症過世之喪親家屬，親人離世時間長度平均為8.5個月。以內容分析法進行資料分析、萃取與詮釋，直至資料達到飽和無再出現新的資料方才停止資料收集。分析結果呈現喪親家屬哀傷經驗有關的五大主題為：「身心煎熬」、「甘苦交織」、「夢恍忍淚」、「睹物思人」、「觀心自照」。喪親者帶著哀傷煎熬及轉化成長的矛盾心境，繼續未完的人生路。醫療照顧者應協助病人善終，洞悉並接納哀傷歷程中正、負向情緒與內外交織的動態心理歷程，允許喪親者擁有各種感受與情緒表現，並鼓勵表達情緒，延續與逝者關係的連結與意義，此有助於喪親者因應失落。希冀本研究結果作為專業人員伴行哀傷幽谷之背景知識，提升哀傷撫慰品質。

關鍵字

喪親；哀傷；癌症；焦點團體

並列摘要

Bereavement is an inevitable life experience. Most previous studies on grief experiences collected data through individual interviews, only few studies interviewed small groups of people to gain a more thorough understanding of grief experiences. The objective of this study was to conduct a focus group study in order to understand grief experiences in bereaved families. Purposive sampling was used to select subjects at the palliative care unit of a medical center in Southern Taiwan, and focus group interviews were conducted based on semi-structured guidelines. Six adults whose beloved family member had died of cancer were recruited, each of them having lost a loved one at an average of 8.5 months. Content analysis was used to analyze data and perform extraction and interpretation. The results included five major themes and a number of sub-themes, including: 1) physical and mental suffering, 2) bittersweet emotions, 3) unreal feeling, fighting back tears, 4) scene-evoked memories, 5) self-reflection. While in a seemingly contradictory yet coexisting state of sadness, the bereaved person continues on his or her own path of life. Medical professionals should assist the patient with good death, understand and accept the dynamic psychological process of the sorrowful, positive and negative emotions, and allow the bereaved to have various feelings and emotional expressions, and encourage the expression of emotions and continue the connection with the deceased. Thus helps the bereaved ones to cope with losses. The results of this study can be used as a reference for providing accompaniment to bereaved families, thus enhancing the quality of bereavement care.

並列關鍵字

bereaved ； grief ； cancer ； focus group

參考文獻

賴維淑。哀傷撫慰之陪伴倫理。安寧療護雜誌 2014；19(1)：67-75。

Google Scholar

Nagraj S. and Barclay S. Bereavement care in primary care: a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis.British Journal of General Practice 2011; 61(582): e42-e48.