假日趕工對勞動生產力之影響－以台灣營建個案為例

IMPACT OF SCHEDULED ACCELERATION ON WEEKENDS ON LABOR PRODUCTIVITY-CASE STUDIES OF CONSTRUCTION IN TAIWAN

林建良(Chien-Liang Lin) ； 賴譽哲(Yu-Che Lai)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 32卷1期 (2020/03) Pp. 23-33

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.202003_32(1).0003

摘要

過去有關加班趕工的研究顯示，當每週持續工作6天或7天時，勞動生產力會隨著工作天數增加而降低。然而，上述現象可能未必適用於所有地區或國家。為了釐清假日趕工對勞動生產力的影響，本研究根據每日投入工時及產出完成量，以資料包絡分析（Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA）探討3個台灣營建專案中的趕工效率，並結合現場施工人員訪談結果，得到3個重要發現：（1）台灣營建專案中，假日趕工並不會造成勞動生產力折減；（2）工人在星期六加班勞動生產力無明顯降低，主因習慣出工及可賺取較高報酬；（3）工人在星期日加班的勞動生產力相對較高，除了報酬考量外，主因工作環境較不擁擠。本研究的主要貢獻是，發現了台灣地區營建產業在假日趕工的勞動生產力可能優於平日，並進一步探討其主要原因。此發現推翻了營造業與學術界的既定觀念，也顯示了勞動生產力會受許多因素影響，更凸顯了持續研究工地的規劃與管理的重要性。因應近來勞基法修訂，本研究結果可供施政者及實務管理者進行資源分配時之參考。

關鍵字

趕工 ； 加人 ； 加班 ； 營建勞動生產力

並列摘要

Most previous research has revealed that labour efficiency deteriorates with the increase of days worked, especially for schedule acceleration carried out 6 or 7 days per week. It means that labor productivity on weekdays is better than on weekends. However, the phenomenon may not be universally applicable to everywhere. To clarify the impact of schedule acceleration on weekends on labor productivity, this study investigates the efficiency of acceleration from three construction projects in Taiwan. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was utilized to examine work hours as the input and the physical quantity of completed work as the output. Further interview for construction workers was performed. The results revealed that (1) acceleration on weekends will not cause the deduction of labor productivity in construction industry in Taiwan; (2) inefficiency was not found on Saturdays because labors are used to work overtime and get higher pay in construction industry in Taiwan; (3) except for getting higher pay, better efficiency was measured on Sundays because the effect of less congestion. The main contribution of this paper is to reveal that the labor productivity on weekends could be better than on weekdays, and further investigate the reasons of the result. Not only this finding reverses previous perspective from construction industry and academic, but also it implies that labor productivity will be influenced by many factors. Furthermore, it reveals the importance of continuing planning and management. In the process of revising Labor Standard Act, the results can provide insights for legislator and industry practitioners in appropriately allocating human resources.

並列關鍵字

acceleration ； overmanning ； overtime ； construction labour productivity