飛行與救國：以抗日戰前十年（1928-1937）的中華航空女傑為例

Flight and Rescue Country: Prior to the Sino-Japanese War of ten years (1928-1937) of China Airlines Heroine Case

王惠姬(Hui-Ji Wang)

《中正歷史學刊》 18期 (2015/12) Pp. 161-209

https://doi.org/10.6747/CCUHISTORY.201512_(18).06

摘要

本文論述抗日戰前十年間（1928-1937）的中華航空女傑，總計有13位。第一位運輸航空郵政的鮑會秩夫人，還有王燦芝（清末革命先烈秋瑾之女）、林鵬俠，以及旅美粵僑張瑞芬及李月英、上海影星李霞卿和其學生楊瑾珣，分別在美、英、法、日及瑞士等國，學得航空技術，都是志願報效國家的航空女傑。可惜，中國在抗戰時期的政府決策，讓她們不能參加空軍。這是與美國的開放女性加入空軍，有所不同。其實，在當時中國內憂外患不斷的時代，即使是商業性的民間航空組織，也難得有機會以航空專業謀職維生，何況一九二、三十年的航空科技，輕型飛機發展的安全性尚屬不足，失事風險大，加上傳統社會的性別觀念，中國婦女學習航空駕駛的機會鮮少，所以抗戰前十年間，女子航空的表現，雖以學飛行較多，備受矚目，卻少有發揮能力的舞台。但她們出於愛國的勇氣與膽識，值得肯定。總之，中華女界航空，起步雖較歐美國家稍遲，但在亞洲仍屬名列前茅。

關鍵字

近代中華航空女傑 ； 留洋女生 ； 華僑女飛行員 ； 林鵬俠 ； 王燦芝

並列摘要

This article discusses the anti-Japanese prewar decade (1928-1937) of China Airlines Heroine, a total of 13, including the first air transport postal Mrs. Martin will rank well Wang Canzhi (daughter of Late Qing China's revolutionary martyrs Jin Qiu), Peng-Hsieh Lin, as well as Ruifen Zhang and Hazel Ying Lee (Guangdong Overseas Chinese residing in the United States), Shanghai actress Ya-ching Lee and her student Jin-xun Yang, respectively, in the United States, Britain, France, Japan and Switzerland and other countries, learn aviation technology, are volunteering to serve the aviation Heroine countries. Unfortunately, the Chinese government decision-making during the war, so that they cannot join the Air Force. This is different from the US government’s opening women to join the Air Force. In fact, in the era when the Chinese internal and external problems continue, even commercial civil aviation organizations, is also a rare opportunity to aviation professionals seek employment subsist. Not to mention the security of the 1920-1930 years of aviation technology, light aircraft development is still insufficient, large accident risk, coupled with the gender of traditional society, Chinese women rarely driven aviation learning opportunities, So ten years before the war between women aviation performance, although to learning to fly more high-profile, but few play arena capacity. But their courage and patriotic courage, worthy of recognition. In short, the Chinese female aviation sector, although more European countries started a bit late, but still among the best in Asia.

並列關鍵字

Modern China Airlines Heroine ； Girls study abroad ； Overseas Chinese female pilots ； Peng-Hsieh Lin ； Wang Canzhi

參考文獻

王煥琛編(1980)。留學教育─中國留學教育史料。台北:國立編譯館。

王燦芝，〈我的家庭和生活史略〉，《上海婦女》，1 卷4 期（1938年6 月5 日），頁8-11。

王燦芝(1976)。秋瑾女俠遺集。台北:台灣中華書局。

林鵬俠(2010)。西北行。銀川:寧夏人民出版社。

林鵬俠女士，〈遊海心山所見〉（青海通訊），《女鐸》，23 期第3冊（1933 年12 月），頁47-48。