雲林偶戲之創新發展：以「木藝堂」作品為例

雲林虎尾是布袋戲的故鄉，每年舉辦的國際偶戲節邀請全球各地偶戲團隊齊聚演出，本土偶戲在全球競爭與當代觀眾觀賞需求中，需力求創新發展，尤其以在地團隊「木藝堂」的創新製作在偶戲節中備受注目。近年國內偶戲研究多以霹靂布袋戲為主，較少關注在地深根團隊，因此，本文研究目的為：一、探究「木藝堂」之創立與經營。二、探究「木藝堂」作品之在地文化元素。三、探究「木藝堂」作品之當代流行元素。本研究從在地與全球之文化理論觀點切入，透過相關文獻蒐集與訪談法、參與觀察法，深入分析其創作作品之多種文化元素。研究結果發現，在2016年雲林國際偶戲節「木藝堂」兩首開幕晚會節目《神威家將》、《金銀雙秀——陰陽師》創新結合操偶與舞蹈表現亮眼。在全球化的浪潮下，以自身文化為基底，保留本土傳統製偶手法，自創木偶融合本土藝陣八家將文化及日本動漫陰陽師，舞蹈方面結合流行街舞及cosplay元素，音樂方面結合傳統自編曲目與搖滾音樂，突破傳統布袋戲刻板的表演形式，提供舞蹈與偶戲跨領域結合不同面向發展之嘗試典範，其創新方式成功吸引年輕族群觀眾，帶動並延續在地文化的發展與傳承。

關鍵字

木藝堂；布袋戲；雲林國際偶戲節

並列摘要

Hu-wei, Yunlin is the home of glove puppetry shows (Budaixi) where every year many puppet teams around the world are invited to perform in International Yunlin Puppet Theater Festival. The local puppet theaters need to strive for innovation and development amid the global keen competition and demands from contemporary audiences in watching their performance. Among which the innovative production by local team ＂Mu-yi Puppet Theater＂ was paid most attention in the festivals. In recent years, most studies of domestic puppet theaters have focused on PiLi Puppet Theater and less attention have been paid on other local teams. Therefore, the purposes of this study are: 1) To explore the establishment and operation of ＂Mu-yi Puppet Theater＂ ; 2) To explore the elements of local culture in the works of ＂Mu-yi Puppet Theater＂ and 3) To explore the elements of contemporary popularity in the works of ＂Mu-yi Puppet Theater.＂ Cutting into the issues from local and global cultural viewpoints, and through literature reviews, interviews and participant observation, the researcher deeply analyzed multi-cultural elements in its creative works. The study found that, in the opening ceremony of ＂2016 Yunlin International Puppet Theater Festival＂, the innovation combining puppeteer and dances of two works ＂Invincible Might Generals＂ and ＂Gold and Silver Distinguished Two – Onmyouji＂ were most eye-catching. Under the waves of globalization, based on Taiwanese local culture with preservation of traditional puppet-making techniques, they created puppets which integrated the cultures of local arts parades ＂Eight Generals＂ and Japanese anime Onmyuouji. The dance was combining the elements of the street dances and COSPLAY while the music was combining the traditional self-created repertoire and rock music that broke through traditional stereotype form of palmar-drama performance. They provided an experimental example of different aspect of development by cross-field combination of dance and puppet shows. The innovative performance has successfully attracted the younger group of audiences and thus promoted and continued the development and inheritance of local culture.