以往探討旅運者時間價值大多透過效用函數中旅運時間與旅運費用比值獲得,就長途公共運具使用者而言,通常僅著重其主要旅次,鮮少包含轉運部分。然而回顧過去文獻與實際旅運者行為發現,轉運服務良窳為影響旅運者搭乘主要運具之重要考量,尤其當旅運者進行長途旅運時,更是如此。長途旅運包含多個轉運旅次,且旅運者常有攜帶行李之不便性或同行人意見需妥協等特性,其最佳旅運方案內容之組合,應包含對主要旅次與轉運旅次之考量。本研究建立效用函數探討長途旅運者之搭乘意願與各影響變數間之關係,據此估算旅運者主要與轉運旅次之時間價值,並進行不同旅運服務情境之敏感度分析。 本研究以台北-高雄間之長途國道客運旅運者為研究對象,轉運運具則包含捷運、公車及計程車。本研究設計顯示性偏好及敘述性偏好問卷選樣調查長途國道客運旅運者行為,並分別建立顯示性偏好模式與整合偏好模式。分析旅運者時間價值。研究結果發現旅運者對主要運具之搭乘意願顯著受轉運運具服務屬性影響;就同一運具服務屬性而言,轉運旅次之時間價值不同於主要旅次。
The past studies on the value of time mostly focused on the primary trip of the long distance journeys, and transfer trips were usually overlooked. In this study, service attributes of the transfer mode were hypothesized with effects on long distance travelers` decisions on primary mode choice. The utility functions were thereafter developed for examining relation ship between willingness of long-haul mode use and effective factors. Value of time for various time costs were estimated, as well as sensitivity analysis conducted. Passengers taking long distance buses between Taipei and Kaohsiung were sampled for survey, and approached with revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) questioners. RP and IP modes were constructed according for utility functions and sensitivity analysis. Results showed the willingness of taking long-haul buses was significantly affected by transfer service attributes of modes. Moreover, for same service attributes, time values of primary mode were different from transfer modes`.