飛彈拆組裝作業人為可靠度分析

由於飛彈拆組裝流程繁瑣、作業時數偏長及所需技術高超，往往在拆組裝過程中修製人員會因人為因素而導致人員受傷、飛彈毀損及造成重大工安意外。本研究即針對從事飛彈拆組裝作業之修製人員，利用現場問卷進行改善及評估人為可靠度分析調查。研究方向可分為四個階段：第一階段為作業現場觀察、修製人員訪談及問卷調查的相關資料蒐集；第二階段則為作業流程研究與動作行為分析；第三階段為利用統計方法將資料量化成數據，再運用人為失誤率計算進行分析比較；第四階段為統整與分析數據及討論和建議，藉此找出人員在動作較高的失誤率進行有效改善。根據問卷調查分析的最終結果，專業職能訓練的程度是影響修製人員在作業上的發生失誤最顯著。飛彈拆組裝作業在失誤類型統計表分析中，以失誤類型中的動作失誤為主(44/102)，比例為43%。在動作失誤率的部分，飛彈拆組裝作業過程中，動作失誤率最高都是以「未配戴靜電手環」，比例為0.234。本研究結果顯示出，修製人員在執行修製作業上的工作經驗不足與技術能力不到位之情況底下作業，往往會因拆組裝工法、程序或步驟錯誤而肇生不安全風險及行為，其中以未配戴靜電手環易造成失誤而導致修製人員受傷、飛彈數據不準確及發生造成重大工安意外。

關鍵字

人為失誤；人為可靠度

並列摘要

The various types of missiles in active service of the National Army are composed of the front body, the propulsion section and the control section. However, the missiles are not confidentiae and having automatic guidance function, but also a representative of high-tech automated weapons. In the maintenance process of missile repair factory, due to the complicated process of disassembly and assembly of the full bomb, the long operation hours and the superb skills required, during the disassembly and assembly process, damage and major industrial accidents have happened and the repair persons often cause personnel injuries and missiles due to human factors. This research is aimed at the repair persons engaged in the disassembly and assembly of the active military missiles, using the on-site questionnaire to evaluate the human reliability and improve the investigation. The research direction can be divided into three parts: the first, the procedures, steps and essentials of the full bomb disassembly and assembly operations are developed in a layered manner, using the on-site operating environment observation and repair personnel interviews to understand the various types of actual operators mistakes; the second, we have used questionnaires and analysis to understand the subjective opinions of the repair personnel on the frequency of mistakes in various operations; finally, the human error assessment method is used to standardize various missteps. The qualitative and quantitative data have collected, to find out the high error rate of personnel actions and make effective improvements. According to resultsof the questionnaire survey and analysis, the degree of professional functional training is the most significant influencing the mistakes of the repair personnel in the operation. In the analysis of the error type statistical table for the full-bomb disassembly and assembly operations, the main action errors in the error types (44/102) were 43%. As for the action error rate, the highest action error rate during the full-bomb disassembly and assembly operations was "not wearing an electrostatic bracelet", with a ratio of 0.234. The results show that repair personnel who work under the conditions of insufficient repair experience and insufficient technical ability often cause unsafe risks and behaviors due to wrong disassembly and assembly methods, procedures or steps. Among them, the personnel greed for convenience without wearing an electrostatic bracelet, which can easily lead to mistakes, resulting in injuries to the repair personnel, damage to the missiles, and major industrial accidents.