希臘與歐洲聯盟對馬其頓獨立問題的爭執與妥協

當美國與蘇聯結束了對立的兩極體系，南斯拉夫社會主義聯邦共和國卻興起民族主義而面臨分裂的局面，也因此引爆了一場激烈的衝突戰爭。國際體係結構的改變，皆影響了各個國家的外交政策，而前南斯拉夫聯邦內戰又嚴重影響巴爾幹地區，造成區域的權力失衡，歐體為了維護歐洲地區的和平，積極展開調解行動。有鑒於1970年歐洲共同體（歐洲聯盟）的歐洲政治合作，和1990年初期的歐洲聯盟共同外交暨安全政策，皆必須要達到會員國的一致共識，才能對外做出共同立場和行動。希臘則基於國家安全利益的考量而強烈拒絕承認馬其頓共和國獨立，與歐洲聯盟及其他會員國的立場嚴重分歧。最後，歐洲聯盟其他會員國不顧一致決程序，相繼以聯合國暫定名稱承認該共和國，破壞了希臘與歐洲聯盟之間的信任關係。因此，本文擬透過新現實主義理論，分析希臘與馬其頓共和國之間的爭執焦點，探討希臘基於國家利益所作的決策與行為，以及研究希臘與歐洲聯盟之間立場的爭執，和雙方最後的妥協過程。

關鍵字

希臘；馬其頓共和國；歐洲聯盟；國家利益；共同外交暨安全政策

並列摘要

When the Cold War came to an end with the collapse of Soviet Union, more troubles were looming as a new regional conflict broke out in the Balkans. Several republics separated from the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The European Community (European Union) became the vanguard of international efforts to deal with Yugoslavia’s disunion. More specifically, the European Community (European Union) wanted to prevent the Yugoslavian turmoil from spilling into Southeastern Europe. Regarding to the unanimous vote in the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), every member state should have the common position for joint actions and decisions. Greece strongly and persistently refused to recognize Republic of Macedonia., and therefore the European Union could not recognize Republic of Macedonia without the approval of Greece. In order to avoid the extension of war, the European Union’s member states decided to recognize Macedonia. This action caused the dispute between Greece and the Union which broke their mutual relationship of trust. In terms of theory of neo-realism, the thesis aims to analyze the refusing factors of Greece to the Republic of Macedonia’s independence, and to study in detail the decisions and actions which Greece made based upon national interests, and to research the conflict and the final reconciliation between Greece and the European Union.

並列關鍵字

Greece ； former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ； European Union ； National interests ； Common Foreign and Security Policy

參考文獻

洪茂雄，1999年5月，〈後共產主義時期馬其頓的政經發展情勢〉，《問題與研究》，第38卷，第5期，頁1-15。

鄭端耀，2005年2月，〈國際關係新古典現實主義理論〉，《問題與研究》，第44卷，第1期，頁115-140。

與社會的挑戰》，臺北市：編譯館。Goldman, Minton F (1997), Revolution and Change in Central and Eastern Europe : political, economic, and social Challenges, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe.

吳忻宇，2006年，《歐洲聯盟在以巴衝突中的政策立場與作為：1990-2005》，淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文。

Caplan, Richard. (2005), Europe and the Recognition of New States in Yugoslavia, United Kingdom: University Press of Cambridge.

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希臘與歐洲聯盟對馬其頓獨立問題的爭執與妥協

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