遊蕩者的形象轉變： 從都市觀察者到當代消費者

在城市空間迅速發展的當下，德國學者班雅明筆下的遊蕩者形象備受關注。「遊蕩者」在十九世紀伴隨現代性城市空間發展而誕生，他們是城市空間最好的觀察者、體驗者。十九世紀的遊蕩者雖與現今城市空間裡的遊蕩者不完全等同，但該形象依舊具有一定的象徵意涵和參考價值。本論文透過審視遊蕩者的形象轉變，引發對該形象與現代城市空間的關聯的深度思考。本論文從班雅明的《拱廊街計畫》著手，根據班雅明針對波特萊爾的主題研究，對比班雅明與波特萊爾二者在不同時代對遊蕩者形象的把握與詮釋，梳理遊蕩者的歷史形象，尤其是游蕩的文人形象。同時觀察遊蕩者所處的時代背景、空間環境，強調城市現代性、資本主義對遊蕩者的影響，從而更深層次地理解遊蕩者的精神狀態，以及他們在大城市中面臨的困境和邊緣化的命運。此外，通過巴黎大改造事件引出遊蕩者走向百貨公司的發展進程，追尋當代城市中的遊蕩者。並以左拉的《婦女樂園》為研究範本，從中分析商業空間的設計手法和特色，以及科技的進步帶來更多元化的新興體驗模式，觀察遊蕩者在其中產生的行為和身份轉變。最後總結當代遊蕩者及遊蕩空間的特徵，並充分思考遊蕩者形象在當代消費文化、城市休閑空間中具有的文化意義。

關鍵字

遊蕩者；消費者；班雅明；城市空間；文化商品化

並列摘要

In the day of the rapid development of urban area, the image of flâneur in Benjamin's works has been in the spotlight. Flâneurs was born in the 19th century accompanied by the development of modern urban area, who were the best observers and experiencers of urban area. Although they are not exactly the same as nowadays, their figure still has certain symbolic significance and reference value. By surveying the transformation of the image of flâneur, this thesis will provide a profound thought about the relationship between the image and modern urban area. Using The Arcades Project, the opus of Benjamin, as an example. According to Benjamin's research of Baudelaire, compare Benjamin’s grasps and interpretations of the image of flâneurs to Baudelaire’s in different times and comb the historical images of flâneurs, especially their literature image. The purpose of this study is understanding the spiritual state deeply, as well as the dilemma and marginalized fate of the flâneurs in modern metropolis by observing the historical background and spatial environment of flâneurs and emphasizing the impacts of urban modernity and capitalism on flâneurs. This thesis will argue that the process of the flâneurs in the contemporary cities through the project of Paris reconstruction. Taking Zora's Au Bonheur des dames as the research background, it analyzes the design methods and the features of commercial space, as well as the emerging and diversified experience modes brought by the advance of science and technology. We will also investigate and observe the behaviors and identity changes of the flâneurs. Finally, we not only summarize the characteristics of contemporary flâneurs and leisure space, but also fully consider the significance of the image of flâneurs in contemporary consumer culture and urban leisure space.