法律制度與國家競爭力

Legal Institution and National Competitiveness

林桓(Huan Lin)

《研考雙月刊》 30卷6期 (2006/12) Pp. 24-34

https://doi.org/10.6978/YKSYK.200612.0024

摘要

提升國家競爭力是政府一向戮力以升的目標，建置完善的法制環境則是提升競爭力的必要條件。至於競爭力的發展策略是要採取全球化、自由化的模式，強調低度管制的法制環境，還是採用在地化、干預性的方式，強調政府計畫分配的法制，本文依據IMD報告的實證調查，認為並不影響國家競爭力的提升。本文認為我國法律制度的問題在於習慣從供給面著手，為建構周延的法律體系，為滿足政府機關內部需求或為配合執行首長政策而訂定，而忽略社會需求面，疏於考量法律的制定是否真正因應社會的需求。再者，本文認為法律是社會強制性行為規範的選項之一，除非法律的制定能滿足社會需求，創造整體社會價值，否則不應制定法律。若法律規範內容經評估後得以創造整體社會價值而必須制定時，仍應考量選擇社會遵循成本最小的方式執行，以降低被規範者的負擔。為建置合宜妥善的法制環境，政府應責成專責機關，檢討我國現行管制性法律，並推行法規影響評估機制，完備法制基礎環境，以利政府發展國家競爭力。

關鍵字

國家競爭力 ； 法律制度 ； 交易成本 ； 遵循成本

並列摘要

Promoting the national competitiveness is always the goal dedicated by governments, and establishing a proper environment for legal institution is a condition necessary for promoting the national competitiveness. As for the strategy for development strategy, either with the mode of globalization and liberalization which focus on deregulation of legal institution or with the mode of government planning which emphasize the government intervention, this paper believe the method for development has no concern with promotion of national competitiveness. This paper believe the proper approach to improve the quality of our legal institution is to shift the focus of law-making process from the supply side to demand and also take serious consideration on the other social norms alternative to the statutes. In order to reach the goals, this paper suggests that the government shall dedicate a responsible agency to review the existing statutes and regulations and enforce the regulatory impact analysis mechanism.

並列關鍵字

national competitiveness ； legal institution ； transaction costs ； compliance cost