中國大陸的制度轉型與社會變遷面臨之問題

Problems Associated with Institutional Transformation and Social Changes in Mainland China

朱蓓蕾(Pei-Lei Chu)

《遠景季刊》 1卷3期 (2000/07) Pp. 79-111

https://doi.org/10.7063/PR.200007.0079

摘要

本文探討中國大陸在向市場經濟轉型過程中所衍生的問題，諸如社會治安惡化、失業問題嚴重、群眾抗爭事件頻傳、幹部貪腐、民運、少數民族和宗教問題等。探究其深層原因主要涉及「黨／國(party-state)、「國家／社會」(state-society)、政權體系、制度滯後等體制上的問題。中共目前的解決對策並非針對大陸社會多元化的趨勢，採取擴大政治參與、增進權力制衡等因勢利導措施，而是採取軟硬兼施的防堵治標作法，此將使大陸內部所蓄積的不穩定能量持續增加。未來中國大陸的政治制度是否能隨著社會發展進行深度的改革，真正化解各種社會問題和危機，值得重視。

並列摘要

This article examines institutional transformation during the marketization in Mainland China. During this period, the ”central planning” economy system is gradually transformed toward a ”socialist market” economy system. Social structure has become differentiated, and social classification has become blurred. The original operational mechanism of the Chinese society also has changed. These social changes may lead Mainland China to face severe social crisis. Detailed analysis reveals that the party-state and state-society authority system, are deeply involved. The PRC government failed to solve problems by expanding personal political participation, enhancing power counterbalance, and taking other circumstance-guided approaches, but to use both tough and gentle blocking actions. Such movements have already accumulated energy of potential instability inside Mainland China. Whether political institutions of Mainland China would reform in accordance with social development in the future deserves our close attention.

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