原住民族地區長期照顧資源布建困境與政策建議

Difficulties and Policy Recommendations Related to the Deployment of Long-Term Care Resources in Taiwan's Indigenous Areas

林妙玲(Miao-Ling LIN) ； 黃志中(Joh-Jong HUANG)

《護理雜誌》 68卷2期 (2021/04) Pp. 6-11

https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.202104_68(2).02

摘要

隨著國家人口結構的改變，長期照顧需求日益增加，當以人為本、落實社區照顧的精神正努力實踐中，同時也是長期照顧十年計畫進入2.0的時期，原住民族的長期照顧需求也應該一併被正視。原住民族地區的長期照顧服務的提供及資源布建，普遍較一般地區落後，可能的原因包括：缺乏持續穩健的專責單位、以常模的長期照顧服務模式套用在原住民族地區，以及人才的培育及深耕發展與現實的衝突。未來政策應該重視原住民族地區文化的差異，提供更彈性、多元發展的可能性，也許有助於原住民族地區長期照顧發展與資源布建。

關鍵字

原住民族 ； 長期照顧 ； 資源布建

並列摘要

Changes in the demographic structure in Taiwan have increased the need for long-term care (LTC). Person-centered and community-based care is being advocated. The need to address the specific LTC needs of Taiwan's indigenous peoples has been a part of national LTC policy since National Long-term Care Plan 2.0 was adopted in 2015. The provision of LTC services and the deployment of related resources in indigenous areas generally lag behind Taiwan's other areas. Potential reasons for this disparity include lack of in-charge, dedicated units; exclusive use of normative service models in indigenous areas; and conflict between talent cultivation and rooted development. Future policy should focus more on providing cultural care in indigenous areas and on offering more flexible and diversified development possibilities. The implementation of these policies may promote the development of LTC and the successful deployment of LTC resources in Taiwan's indigenous regions.

並列關鍵字

indigenous peoples ； long-term care ； resource deployment

參考文獻

王增勇、楊佩榮（2017）．夾在國家政策與原住民族文化之間的原鄉居家服務．中華心理衛生學刊，30（1），7–35。[Wang, F. T. Y., & Yang, P.-J. (2017). Collisions between state policies and indigenous cultures: Home care in indigenous communities. Formosa Journal of Mental Health, 30(1), 7–35.] https://doi.org/10.30074/FJMH.201703_30(1).0002

蕭伃伶、陳靜敏（2004）．原住民部落長期照護資源使用障礙評估—以花東新村為例．新臺北護理期刊，6（2），73–85。[Hsiao, Y.-L., & Chen, C.-M. (2004). Barriers to access to long-term care services among aboriginal communities: The example of Hua-Tung Village. New Taipei Journal of Nursing, 6(2), 73–85.] https://doi.org/10.6540/NTJN.2004.2.007

內政部戶政司（2020，11月10日）．現住人口數按單齡分。https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/OldFile/site_stuff/321/1/month/m1-11.xls [Department of Household Registration Affairs, Ministry of the Interior, Taiwan, ROC. (2020, November 10). Resident population by single year of age. https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/OldFile/site_stuff/321/1/month/m1-11.xls]

王增勇（2013）．長期照顧在原鄉實施的檢討．社區發展季刊，141，284–294。[Wang, F. T. Y. (2013). Long term care as a potential case for self-determination of indigenous peoples. Community Development Journal, 141, 284–294.]

長期照顧服務法，總統華總一義字第10800060051號令修正（2019，6月19日)。https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=L0070040 [Long-Term Care Services Act, Presidential Order Hua-Zhong-Yi-Yi-Zhi No. 10800060051 amended (2016, June 19). https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=L0070040]