蒜球分級機之設計研究

本研究蒜球基礎物性探討，結果顯示蒜球外形與重量具有高度相關性，故分別設計一套以外形為選別機制之階級式分級機，及以重量為選別機制之單、雙排重量式分級機進行分級測試。單、雙排重量式分級機測試結果，獲致其分級準確率分別為90.56與76.11%，而階級式分級機，當蒜球莖長3cm.分級轉速86rpm時，分級準確率達90.1%，分級作業量最高可達576kg/hr，為單排（側放式）重量式分級機之2.22倍，雙排（下放式）重量式分級機之1.41倍。本研究亦測試包含自動供料機構、去皮脫膜機構及階級式蒜球分級機所組裝成之一貫化作業蒜球分級系統之清潔、脫膜去皮及損傷程度，結果顯示經脫膜去皮機構清潔之蒜球，與未經刷洗清潔之蒜球於清潔度與脫膜去皮皆有明顯之差異，而其損傷率也僅為4%；且有關外形與重量三種型式分級機之分級成本效益評估結果，獲致階級式分級機分級成本，每公斤約0.47元為最佳，其次雙排下放式每公斤約0.81元，單排側放式則為最差每公斤約達1.28元，顯示階級式分級機具有蒜球分級準確、快速，亦可達到節省人力與成本之效果。

關鍵字

蒜球；分級；階級選別

並列摘要

In this research, the basic physical characteristics of garlic bulbs were first investigated. The results studied showed that the shape size and weight of garlic bulbs held with high correlation. Accordingly, one type of shape sorting mechanism as the stage sorting machine and two types of weight sorting mechanism as the single-rail and double-rail sorting machine were designed and developed for the use of garlic bulbs grading. The accuracies of grading obtained for single-rail and double-rail weight sorting machine were 90.56 and 76.11%, respectively, and under the tests with three different stem lengths of the garlic bulbs and five rotation speeds of the hairbrush shafts for the stage sorting machine, the maximum accuracy obtained was 90.1% with the case of stem length 3 cm and rotation speed 86 rpm. The processing capacity of the stage sorting machine was reached up to about 576 kg/hr which was 2.2 and 1.4 times, respectively as compared to the results obtained by the single-rail and double-rail weight sorting machine. A sequential operation system for the automatic garlic bulbs grading was also developed and which was combined together with the parts of the automatic supplying unit, the peel and dust removing equipment, and the stage sorting machine. The severity of clearing, peel stripping and injury of the graded garlic bulbs were judged and evaluated as treated by this newly developed system. The results showed that treated with or without peel and dust removing equipment had the significant difference in cleaning and peel stripping, but the injury rate of the system was only 4% Moreover, studies of the cost-benefit assessment of various sorting machines showed that the stage sorting machine also held the lower construction expenditure and operation cost than those obtained by the single-rail and double-rail weight sorting machines, and the operation costs per kilogram of garlic bulbs graded was NT$0.47, 0.81 and 1.28, respectively for the stage, double-rail and single-rail sorting machines. Use of this newly developed stage sorting machine could precisely and quickly grade garlic bulbs, and could save tremendous labor power and processing cost as required in the grading operation of garlic bulbs.

並列關鍵字

Garlic bulbs ； Grading ； Stage sorting

國際替代計量

蒜球分級機之設計研究

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