諮商技巧訓練的成效暨諮商技巧與諮商效果的相關研究

Effectiveness of Counseling Skill Training and Relationships Amon Level of Counseling Skill, Helpee's Self-engagement and Counseling Outcome

陳秉華(Ping-Hwa Chen)

《教育心理學報》 24期 (1991/06) Pp. 117-143

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19910601.5

摘要

本研究旨在探討諮商技巧訓練的效果，與諮商員使用的技巧、受輔者自我涉入與諮商效果間的關係。24名接受「諮商實習」的心輔系大四學生為實驗組，19名未接受該課程的同班學生為控制組，比較在課程結束後，二組學生在諮商技巧層次上的差異。24名實驗組受試在實習課程，被要求進行四次對國中生的個別諮商，並且被評量在四次諮商間諮商技巧層次上的差異。本研究亦對諮商技術、受輔者自我涉入與諮商效果進行相關分析。
本研究的主要發現是：實驗組與控制組在課程結束後的評量諮商技巧層次上未達顯著差異。比較四次實際諮商間諮商技巧層次的差異時，發現並未達顯著性，但傾向於改善受試關係向度技巧的層次，減少受試間的反應差異，但對進階的諮商技巧則無此效果。諮商關係向度的技巧與其他各技巧，及受輔者自我涉入都有高的正相關。面質技巧與受輔者自我涉入，與諮商效果間有高的正相關。最後，對本研究的測量與研究方法缺失之處提出檢討，並且對諮商員訓練的課程提出建議。

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to determine the effectiveness of a counseling skill training course and to examine the relationships among level of counseling skill, helpees' selt-involvement and counseling outcome. 24 university students majored in counseling enrolled in a 32 hours' counseling practicum course served as the experimental group. Another 19 non-enrolled students were the control group. A post-test counseling response scale was administed to examine the difference between the two groups on levels of counseling skills. Each enrolled student conducted four individual counseling sessions. The levels of counseling skills were evaluated to detect the differences across counseling sessions. A correlational analysis was done to explore relationships among counseling skills, helpees' self-involvement, and counseling outcome. Major findings in this study were: no significant difference was shown on levels of counseling skills between enrolled and non-enrolled students, as well as differences across four counseling sessions. Results showed tendencies that the counseling administed course improved the levels of relational buildilg counseling skills, and minimized differences among enrolled subjects on levels of the relational skills. The similar results did'nt appear on those advanced counseling skills. Relational skills were highly correlated with all the counseling skills, and helpees' self-involvement. A high positive correlation existed between confrontation skill, helplees' self-involvement, and counseling outcome. Finally, defects in measurment and research methods were differences and suggestion about the counseling skill training program was raised.