青少年體型意識與節制飲食行為之研究

Study of Body Image and Dietary Restraint in Adolescence

林宜親(Yi-Chin Lin) ； 林薇(Wei Lin)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 19卷1期 (2000/02) Pp. 33-41

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH2000-19-01-08

摘要

本研究主要在瞭解青少年體型意識與節制飲食行為。方法：研究對象為8所國小六年級及19所國中一、二、三年級學生，共822人。結果：不論實際體型為何，多數青少男期望正常體型，多數青少女期望較瘦體型。影響青少年體型意識主要因素為體型受嘲笑經驗、是否崇拜偶像身材、未來想從事與體型有關之活動。實際體型過重、自覺變「瘦」壓力越大者、會崇拜偶像身材者，特別是青少女，越容易有體型意識困擾。個人對過重關注之程度為青少年是否採取節制飲食行為之重要因素。結論：當青少年實際過重且自覺過重、希望減少體重越多、體型嘲笑經驗越多者，傾向高度節制飲食。過度外表取向、自覺體重過重、期望體型變瘦之青少女，會藉高度節制飲食來降低或維持體重，以達到理想體型；她們較可能發生飲食失控，並可能發展為異常飲食行為者。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 體型 ； 體型意識 ； 節制飲食行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to understand adolescents’body image and dietary restraint. Methods: A total of 822 students from 19 Junior high schools and 8 elementary schools completed a self-administered questionnaire. Results: In spite of actual body figure, the majority of adolescent boys expected a normal body figure, and adolescent girls expected a slim body figure. Being teased, admiring the figure of models, and interest in a career related to the figure had significant influences on adolescents’body image. Body image disturbances were more likely to occur in overweight adolescents, especially girls and those who perceived pressure to be thin on who admired an idol’s body figure. A preoccupation with being overweight was a significant factor in dietary restraint. Conclusions: Overweight adolescents who perceived themselves as fat, wanted to lose more weight or had experienced more teasing, had a higher degree of restrained eating. Adolescent girls who were overconcerned with body shape and weight perceived them selves as fat, and expected to be thin tended to have a higher degree of dietary restraint in order to maintain or achieve the ideal figure. They are at risk of disinhibition and more likely to become eating disorders in the future.

並列關鍵字

adolescence ； body figure ； body image ； dietary restraint