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從《史記》論張良的生命智慧

Investigating Chang Liang's (張良)Wisdom of Life through "Shih-Chi"(史記)

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摘要


讀史的主要目的,在於能「以人為鑑」、「以史為鑑」,亦即要由歷史的陳跡中吸取智慧,以成為個人積極發展生命價值的指南,因此以足智多謀著稱,功冠「漢初三傑」,不但深受劉邦信服與禮遇,而且獲得善終的張良,自然擁有更多値得後人效法之特質。然而其値得後世取法之處,並非僅止於其謀略運用精當,而更在於其人格高潔、氣象遠大,因此張良前後雖然有看似從「志在復韓」到「一心為漢」的轉變,然而其為漢又本出於為韓,其間並無矛盾衝突,而且始終以忠貞愛國之人格特質貫串其間,以成就其個人之獨特風格。本文主要根據《史記》之傳記資料,先歸納張良為人處世之生活智慧,然後更從其謀略之運用,以顯現其智慧之運用。文末,则提出張良以儒家之「禮」為做人之根本,而以道家之「術」成其用世的靈活原则,而終能達到「知足不辱,知止不殆」的境地。

關鍵字

史記 張良 傳記 謀略運用 為人處世 禮治 道術 生命智慧

並列摘要


This paper intends to discuss Chang Liang's wisdom of life by investigating his philosophy of assoiciating with people and the world & his use of strategies in the handling national policy. This paper is divided in five sections: 1.Prologue. 2.Method. 3. To discuss the characteristics of Chang Liang's personal disposition: be respectful of elder and virtuous, moral and justice, dim to title and wealth, smart and considerate. 4.To discuss the use of strategies when he is a military counsellor: (1)military strategy and tactics--to run the military strange and changeful(2)politics strategy--to run the nation rightly and correctly 5.Conclusion:He who is contented will not suffer disgrace. He who knows his limitations will not incur danger and can endure forever.

被引用紀錄


林靜妮(2010)。《史記》道家思想研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315204862
吳璧如(2011)。司馬遷《史記》生死觀研究〔博士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315230659

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