亞斯柏格症與高功能自閉症早期發展與目前症狀之初探

Early Development and Current Condition in Children with Asperger Syndrome and High-Functioning Autism: A Comparative Study

張正芬(Cheng-Fen Chang) ； 吳佑佑(Yo-Yo Wu)

《特殊教育研究學刊》 31期 (2006/09) Pp. 139-164

https://doi.org/10.6172/BSE200609.3101007

摘要

本研究主要目的在探討亞斯柏格症與高功能自閉症「早期發展」與「目前症狀」的差異。研究對象計有35位亞斯柏格症學生與43位高功能自閉症學生。亞斯柏格症年齡介於6.6歲～18.2歲，平均年齡12.2歲，高功能自閉症年齡介於7.2歲～19歲，平均年齡11.1歲。本研究使用自閉症的診斷工具ADI-R訪談家長，以了解二組在「早期發展」與「目前」的差異。另使用自閉症／亞斯柏格症行為檢核表，了解二組目前的症狀。主要結果如下：1.兩組受試在ADI-R早期表現有顯著差異，且是高功能自閉症得分高於亞斯柏格症，顯示早期亞斯柏格症的症狀較高功能自閉症輕微。2.兩組受試目前的行為特徵在自閉症檢出工具，包括ADI-R、自閉症兒童行為檢核表的整體表現沒有顯著差異。3.兩組受試在亞斯柏格症檢出工具的社會性、溝通、行為及總分有顯著差異，且是亞斯柏格症得分高於高功能自閉症，顯示亞斯柏格症有某些特徵行為較高功能自閉症明顯。由以上結果可歸納出二項結論：1.亞斯柏格症早期的發展雖較高功能自閉症為佳，但此差異隨年齡增加而減少；2.亞斯柏格症與高功能自閉症有相同的症狀也有顯著差異的部份。

關鍵字

亞斯柏格症 ； 高功能自閉症 ； 早期發展 ； 目前症狀 ； ADI-R ； 自閉症行為檢核表

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavioral differences between children with High-Function Autism and those with Asperger Syndrome. There were 43 participants with HFA, 7.2~19 years old (average age 11.1), and 35 participants with Asperger Syndrome, 6.6~18.2 years old (average age 12.2). The instruments applied in this study included an ADI-R interview questionnaire to help parents understand the difference between the early development and current condition for the two groups of children, and an Autism/Asperger Behavior Rating Scale to help them further understand their children's current behavior in the context of the difference between the two groups.
The results of this study were as follows: (1) The ADI-R showed a significant behavioral difference between the two groups. The HFA children scored higher than the AS children, which means that the children with Asperger Syndrome had fewer early symptoms than those with HFA; (2) on the whole, there was no clear behavioral difference between the two groups of children in the current situation when employing the diagnosis instruments for the autistic children according to the ADI-R and Autism Behaviour Rating Scales; (3) when the AS Behavior Rating Scale was used to test both groups of children, those with AS scored significantly higher in socialization and communication skills than those with HFA, which means that some of the behaviors demonstrated by the Asperger children were more distinct than the those with Autism in their current stage.
From the results above, we can conclude that: (1) Although in their earlier developmental period the children with AS behaved better than those with HFA, the differences decreased as the children grew older; (2) children with Asperger Syndrome and High-Function Autism shared some common behaviors or behavior syndromes, but they also showed some clear behavioral differences.

並列關鍵字

High-Function Autism ； Asperger Syndrome ； comparative study ； ADI-R ； Autism Behaviour Rating Scale ； behavioral differences

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