聽覺障礙者家長超越逆境之優勢類型探討

Discuss the Strength Variety of Parents of Hearing-Impaired Children to Transcend Adversities

張秀玉(Hsiu-Yu Chang)

《東吳社會工作學報》 15期 (2006/12) Pp. 113-154

https://doi.org/10.29734/SJSW.200612.0004

摘要

本研究是從社會工作優勢觀點的角度，探討家長在教養聽覺障礙子女的歷程中，能夠支撐他們超越逆境之優勢類型。本研究針對下列二個面向的問題進行探討：一、聽覺障礙者家長所具有的優勢類型有哪些？二、聽覺障礙子女與家長優勢之交互關係為何？研究者以理論性取樣及標準取樣此二種方式，選取中部地區11位聽覺障礙者家長作為研究對象，透過一對一深度訪談方法，收集研究資料。研究發現：一、聽覺障礙者家長所具有之優勢類型是：（一）個人層次的優勢，包括內在信念、外在能力以及轉折經驗；（二）個人與外界資源互動層次的優勢，包括資源的類型、正向互動經驗以及負向互動經驗之調適方法；（三）社會文化層次的優勢，包括社會大眾對聽覺障礙孩子及其家庭的正向看法、聽覺障礙者家長對於負向看法的調適方法；二、聽覺障礙子女本身的障礙程度的輕重、表達能力的優劣、所具有之正向人格特質等，也都是家長得以抵抗在教養過程中種種困難的重要能量與優勢的來源。研究者期待透過本研究結果，可以讓其他仍處於逆境中的聽覺障礙者家長，得以參照學習本研究受訪者面對問題時，所運用的處理方法之外；也能協助身心障礙領域的實務工作者，得以從正向的角度，重新看待這群服務對象之需求，進而激發嘗試運用不同處遇模式的行動。

關鍵字

聽覺障礙者 ； 聽覺障礙者家長 ； 優勢觀點 ； 超越逆境 ； 復原力

並列摘要

The study aims to explore the strength variety of parents of hearing-impaired children to transcend adversities in the process of take care their children from strength perspective. There are two main research problems, 1. what's the strength variety of parents of hearing-impaired children to transcend adversities? 2. what's the interactive relationship between parent's strength and hearing-impaired children?
The researcher uses the ”theory-based sampling” and ”criterion sampling” to select 11 suitable interviewees in middle county of Taiwan. They have the positive resilient experience and fit the index of interviewees of this research. By one to one in-depth interviews, the researcher collects their strength variety of 11 parents transcend adversities in the process of take care their hearing-impaired children.
The study find parents of hearing-impaired children have strengths in three levels, 1. ”Individual Strength”, include internal belief, external ability and transitional experience; 2. ”The Strength of Interaction between Individual and Resources in the Environment”, include resource variety, positive interactive experiences, adjustment methods of negative interactive experiences; 3. ”Social-Cultural Strength”, include positive perspective of the people toward the children of hearing-impaired and their family, adjustment methods of negative interactive perspective. On the other hand, the study also find ”degree of disability”, ”ability of expression”, ”personality characteristic” of hearing-impaired children are important factors of parents of hearing-impaired children can transcend adversities in the process of take care their children.
The researcher hopes the study finding can provide methods to face problems for parents of hearing-impaired children in the adversity. On the other hand, the study finding can assistant the social worker in the disability field to use the positive perspective regard needs of the disability, and then can arouse the social worker in the disability field to apply different intervention methods.

並列關鍵字

hearing-impaired people ； parents of hearing-impaired children ； Strength Perspective ； transcend adversity ； resilience

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