An Experience in the Integration of Humanmities and Medical Science in a Gross Anatomy Curriculum

大體解剖課程中人文與科學整合的經驗

賴其萬(Chi-Wan Lai) ； 張榮攀(Jung-Pan Chang) ； 曾國藩(Guo-Fang Tseng) ； 曾運龍(Ying Lung Tseng)

《Journal of Medical Education》 6卷2期 (2002/06) Pp. 166-172

https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.200206_6(2).0006

摘要

人文和醫學教育的整合是項艱鉅的工作，但也被認為是培養學生人文素養最有效的方法。本報告描述一所新成立的醫學院以不同於一般醫學院之課程設計，教授解剖學的經驗。解剖課程開始前，我們提供學生和捐贈者家屬見面的機會，讓學生瞭解捐贈者生前私人的事蹟。經由儀式過程，學生能對大體捐贈者表達他們的感謝和尊敬。執行三年以來，我們透過問卷調查和統計，發現學生對大體捐贈者及其家屬抱持正面的看法。學生尊重大體，通常待他們如「老師」或「朋友」，而非單純的「教學或學習的工具」。大多數醫學生認為稱呼大體為「老師」是「非常合適」或「合適」的。大部分學生覺得儀式、解剖後將大體縫合以及認體大體捐贈者生前的歷史，對他們非常有幫助。他們也強烈地感受到，解剖課程的安排將協助他們在未來醫師的生涯，對病人的照顧更有熱情和愛心。基於此經驗，我們深信人文與科學整合的課程，是可以執行的，而且是有正向的影響。

關鍵字

大體解剖 ； 解剖 ； 遺體 ； 人文與科學的整合課程

並列摘要

The integration of humanities and medical science curriculum is difficult, but it is believed to be the most effective way of cultivating the humanities in medical students. This report describes the experience of teaching Gross Anatomy in a relatively new medical school, with a curriculum design that is different from other established schools. We provided students with the opportunity to meet the families of the donors and to know more about the personal aspects of the bodies before dissection began. Through rituals and ceremonies, students expressed their appreciation, respect and gratitude to the body donors. During the last 3 years, through the questionnaire, we have found the response of students toward this anatomy course has been overwhelmingly positive. The students have an extremely positive per caption of the bodies and the families of the donor bodies. They respect the cadaver and frequently treat it as a “teacher” or “friend” rather than “a teaching or learning tool.” The majority of them deem addressing the cadaver as a “teacher” to be “very appropriate” or “appropriate.” Most of the students felt that the ceremonies, the request to suture the body together after dissection, and knowledge of the life history of the cadaver were all helpful. They all felt strongly that the anatomy course will help their future careers as physicians and will help them care for their patients with more compassion and love. We are convinced that the integration of humanities and science courses is achievable and has a positive influence.

並列關鍵字

Gross Anatomy ； dissection ； cadaver ； integration of humanities ； science courses

參考文獻

Macnaughton J(2000).The humanities in medical education: context, outcomes and structures.J Med Ethics.26,23-30.

Smith R(1999).Editor's choice-struggling towards coherence.Br Med J.319,1120-1121.

Mooney J(2000).With curiosity and awe, medical students meet their first cadavers.Chron High Educ.47(7),88.

Lown B(1999).The lost art of healing.New York:The Ballantine Publishing Group.

Peschel RE,Peschel ER(1986).When a doctor hates a patient.Berkeley, Los Angeles and London:University of California Press.