到底應主觀還是該客觀：從性騷擾防治法的實務執行解讀性騷擾的樣貌

Subjective or Objective: Interpreting Sexual Harassment by Examining Implementation of the Sexual Harassment Prevention Act

曾孆瑾(Ying-Chin Tseng) ； 古允文(Yeun-Wen Ku)

《臺灣社會福利學刊》 9卷1期 (2010/12) Pp. 165-212

https://doi.org/10.6265/TJSW.2010.9(1)5

摘要

性騷擾議題是一個存在已久的議題，過去的文獻中，對於性騷擾的定義及性騷擾行爲的類型都有所解釋，但在不同的個人認知中，卻也各有不同的解讀與詮釋，而這樣的解讀若是落在一個明文規範的法規時，可能產生的樣貌又會是什麼呢？我國性騷擾防治法自2006年施行至今，不論是從性騷擾防治業務的宣導、案件的申訴調查等部分，都需要對性騷擾的樣貌有所解釋，那這些擔任相關業務的工作者又是以何種角度去解釋該部分呢？本文透過對兩個縣市的相關業務執行人員，如社政業務主責者、性騷擾防治委員會委員，及警政業務主責者進行深度訪談，透過訪談釐清受訪者是如何解釋性騷擾防治法的概念，及實務執行的經驗與過程，進而了解受訪者對性騷擾行爲的自我解讀、實務判定的依據、實務執行的困境與本身對性騷擾的經驗等部分。透過這樣的整理與發現，將執行者認知的性騷擾樣貌與學理的分類、性騷擾防治法中的定義等進行對照，發現這些執行者自我認知與實務判定間可能存在的落差，而這些部分又如何影響著執行者在實務的工作及自我的因應部分，因此最後提出「性騷擾樣貌具體化」的期待。

關鍵字

性騷擾 ； 性騷擾防治法 ； 主觀定義 ； 客觀定義

並列摘要

Sexual harassment has been a topic of research for a long time. The literature has provided us with many different interpretations and definitions of various types of sexual harassment. This paper poses the question, what would happen if personal perceptions of sexual harassment were confronted by laws requiring that an ostensible case of sexual harassment meet certain clearly defined criteria if it is to be identified as such for legal purposes? Since the Sexual Harassment Prevention Act was enacted in 2006, Taiwanese professionals in relevant occupations have been required to provide a justifiable interpretation of sexual harassment for their publicity aimed at preventing sexual harassment, as well as for their investigations of grievances. Therefore, it is essential that their interpretations of sexual harassment be clarified. The aim of this paper is to provide an understanding of how interviewees' personal interpretations of sexual harassment, the guidelines they use for making practical judgments, the barriers they face in enforcing the 2006 law, and whatever instances of sexual harassment they may have experienced themselves. The interviewees were professionals in the Department of Social Affairs, the Sexual Harassment Prevention Committee, and the Department of Police in two Taiwanese counties. A specific objective of the interviews was to clarify how the interviewees interpreted the concepts, the personal experiences, and the processes they must deal with in enforcing the Act. In comparing how the interviewees answered questions about how they define the key theoretical concepts in the literature and how they interpret the specific regulations embodied in the Act, we found a gap between the perceptions and practical judgments that influenced how they enforced the Act on the one hand and their personal feelings on the other. The paper offers a more concrete conceptualization of sexual harassment for future research and policy implementation.

並列關鍵字

Sexual harassment ； Sexual Harassment Prevention Act ； Subjective Definitions ； Objective Definitions

參考文獻

黃囇莉、畢恆達(2002)。當西方菁英碰上本土原生：校園中性騷擾的定義與申訴案件處理之社會文化脈絡。女學學誌：婦女與性別研究。13，91-139。

羅燦煐(2002)。他的性騷擾？她的性騷擾？性騷擾的性別化建構。臺灣社會研究季刊。46，193-249。

焦興鎧(2003)。美國女性主義法學者對工作場所性騷擾爭議之批判。歐美研究。33(1)，57-123。

中華民國統計資料網（2005）。《94年農林漁牧業普查縣市鄉鎮資料查詢系統》。資料檢索日期：2009年09月27日。網址：http://win.dgbas.gov.tw/agr/ics_main.asp。

內政部家庭暴力及性侵害防治委員會（2009）。《97年度性騷擾事件申訴調查統計表》。資料檢索日期：2009年09月20日。網址：http://dspc.moi.gov.tw/public /Data /95811295671.xls。