注意力缺失過動症青少年的用藥治療

The Effect of Medical Therapy for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

陳惠文(Hui-Wen Chen) ； 陳惠明(Hui-Ming Chen)

《耕莘學報》 7期 (2009/06) Pp. 65-72

https://doi.org/10.29855/JCTCN.200906.0007

摘要

注意力缺失過動症（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 簡稱ADHD）的成因可能包括：遺傳傾向、產程缺氧、胎內感染、黃疸過高、頭部損傷；亦有某些證據顯示神經傳導物質的數量與運作上有所缺陷，醫師經由病史、臨床表徵及行為表現來診斷治療。甲基酚尼錠（Methylphenidate, 簡稱MPH）被各國廣泛地研究使用於治療ADHD患者達30年以上，用藥安全性已經過長時間的驗證，並已發現可以有效地減低過動及衝動並增加注意力、社交技巧、組織能力及情緒控制；因此被診斷為ADHD的青少年若能在就學期間接受藥物治療與行為治療或其他治療方式，皆能調整情緒上的衝動、改善人際關係，以及大幅提升對學業或工作上的成就。

關鍵字

注意力缺失過動症 ； Methylphenidate ； 行為治療

並列摘要

There are many causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) such as genetic factors, oxygen deficit at birth, intrauterus infection and brain injury. Some study also show it is related to neural and chemical factors. Doctors make diagnosis by history, clinical feature and their bebavior. Methylphenidate (MPH) has been widely use on the treatment of ADHD patients for more than 30 years, and its safety of medication has been substantiated for a long period of time. It if effective to enhance attentiveness, improved cognitive impulse and social skills and emotion control. If ADHD patients can be diagnosis and receive treatment such as drugs or behaviors therapy during school time, it helps with positive impact in learning and interpersonal interaction among others.